Up-Grading Knowledge Intensive Industrial Clusters and Globalization.

知识密集型产业集群升级与全球化。

基本信息

批准号：
16203022
负责人：
HORAGUCHI Haruo
金额：
$ 14.98万
依托单位：
Hosei University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The empirical research on "Up-grading Knowledge-Intensive Industrial Clusters and Globalization" started as a study to find policy recommendation to overcome hollowing-out of industry after the bubble burst and globalization of Japanese economy. The research evolved as a study of innovation where variety of actors collaborated and formed a new informal organization, thus creating new technology for the future growth. The field work in an industrial cluster went in Nagoya, Fukuoka / Kitakyusyu, Silicon Valley, Toyama and other locations. Questionnaire survey was conducted for 18 areas of "the Knowledge Cluster Initiative" mandated by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT).We discovered that newly created organizations spanned their activities beyond a realm of "industry" and evidenced importance of the global network which exceeded cohesive characteristics of local economy and its proximity. Industrial policy relinquished its position to Innovation policy in some of strategic field of technology and industry. In Japan, innovation creation is based on the acquisition of a joint patent by plural companies. Our empirical research evidenced that Toyota was one of the most aggressive companies to acquire the joint patent. Both innovation creation and production technology were simultaneously pursued in Toyota.In relation to innovation and industrial accumulation, development of technology elements is pursued by a research institute of a company and a university. This type of collaboration is an engine of research and development in many clusters in Japan. J. Schumpeter assumed that it was a role of an entrepreneur that accomplished "new combination", but it became clear that there exist various actors such as the researchers in a company laboratory, researchers in universities, marketers, industrialists, and public servants. They acted as an engine to put existing elements of technology together and create "new combination."

“知识密集型产业集群升级与全球化”的实证研究是为了寻找日本经济泡沫破灭和全球化后克服产业空心化的政策建议而展开的。该研究演变为一项创新研究，其中各种参与者合作并形成了一个新的非正式组织，从而为未来的增长创造了新技术。产业集群实地考察去了名古屋、福冈/北九州、硅谷、富山等地。对文部科学省授权的“知识集群倡议”的18个领域进行了问卷调查。我们发现，新成立的组织的活动超出了“产业”的范围，并证明了这一点。全球网络的重要性超出了当地经济及其邻近性的凝聚力特征。在一些技术和产业战略领域，产业政策让位于创新政策。在日本，创新创造是以多家公司共同获得专利为基础的。我们的实证研究证明，丰田是最积极获取联合专利的公司之一。丰田同时追求创新创造和生产技术。在创新和产业积累方面，技术要素的开发是由企业研究所和大学共同追求的。这种类型的合作是日本许多集群的研发引擎。 J.熊彼特假设完成“新组合”的是企业家的角色，但很明显，存在各种参与者，例如公司实验室的研究人员、大学的研究人员、营销人员、实业家和公务员。它们充当引擎，将现有技术元素组合在一起并创造“新组合”。