Reconstructing the evolutionary history of the Raveneliaceae (Basidiomycota: Pucciniales) using hyRAD sequencing, and revision of their taxonomy

使用 hyRAD 测序重建 Raveneliaceae（担子菌门：柄锈菌目）的进化史，并修订其分类法

• 批准号: 447382260
• 负责人: Dr. Malte Ebinghaus
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: WBP Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/447382260?language=en
• 关键词: Reconstructing; evolutionary; history; Raveneliaceae; Basidiomycota

Rust fungi represent the most species-rich group of plant parasitic fungi and have a high economic relevance in agriculture and forestry. In addition to their often devastating effects on anthropogenic agrosystems, rust fungi are also discussed in natural ecosystems in connection with their influence on the composition of plant communities as well as with the preservation of the genetic diversity of their host plants. But despite this high economic and ecological relevance, the knowledge of the phylogeny of rust still shows numerous gaps. This lack of knowledge particularly applies to the evolution of morphological traits. For example, only 8 of 13 accepted families could be confirmed as monophyletic. In this context, the tropically distributed rust fungi must be particularly emphasized, since, with a few exceptions, they have so far been significantly underrepresented in molecular phylogenetic studies.Ravenelia (Raveneliaceae) is by far the most species-rich rust fungus genus in the tropics. Current studies not only suggest a polyphyletic origin of this genus, but also indicate a paraphyletic position of the entire Raveneliaceae with regard to the Chaconiaceae, Phakopsoraceae and the Pileolariaceae.Besides morphological analyses, in this research project I would like to apply the method of hyRAD-sequencing. The genetic data, produced by this method, will serve as the basis on which the taxonomic concepts of the Raveneliaceae and related groups will be investigated and revised. Compared to classical PCR-based methods, this method has the advantage of making degraded DNA of older herbarium specimens accessible for analysis, which allows for a much more extensive species sampling. In addition, the use of herbarium specimens minimizes possible restrictions with regard to national legislation as well as the financial and logistical effort required for the new collection of important key species.This research project is thus not only intended to make an important contribution to the study the evolution of tropical rust fungi and to offer a precise taxonomic classification, but also to establish protocols for the utilisation of the numerous plant parasitic fungi records deposited in herbaria.

锈菌是植物寄生真菌中物种最丰富的一类，在农业和林业中具有高度的经济相关性。除了对人类农业系统经常造成破坏性影响外，锈菌在自然生态系统中也因其对植物群落组成的影响以及宿主植物遗传多样性的保护而受到讨论。但是，尽管具有很高的经济和生态相关性，但对锈病系统发育的了解仍然存在许多差距。这种知识的缺乏尤其适用于形态特征的进化。例如，13个接受的科中只有8个可以被确认为单系。在这种情况下，必须特别强调热带分布的锈菌，因为除了少数例外，它们迄今为止在分子系统发育研究中的代表性明显不足。 Raveneliia（Raveneliaceae）是迄今为止物种最丰富的锈菌属。热带。目前的研究不仅表明该属的多系起源，而且还表明整个 Raveneliaceae 与 Chaconiaceae、Phakopsoraceae 和 Pileolariaceae 的并系位置。除了形态分析之外，在这个研究项目中我想应用 hyRAD 的方法-测序。通过这种方法产生的遗传数据将作为研究和修订Raveneliaceae及相关类群的分类学概念的基础。与传统的基于 PCR 的方法相比，该方法的优点是可以对较旧的植物标本馆标本的降解 DNA 进行分析，从而可以进行更广泛的物种采样。此外，植物标本的使用最大限度地减少了国家立法以及新收集重要关键物种所需的财政和后勤工作方面可能存在的限制。因此，该研究项目不仅旨在为该研究做出重要贡献热带锈菌的进化并提供精确的分类学分类，还建立了利用植物标本室中存放的众多植物寄生真菌记录的协议。