Estimation for Acidification in Land Water Environment based on Neutralization of Acidic Precipitation by Soil-Analysis by Mass Transfer Theory in three phases ; gas, liquid and solid-

基于传质理论土壤分析酸性降水中和的陆地水环境酸化估算；

• 批准号: 06650867
• 负责人: CHOHJI Tetsuji
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Toyama National Colleage of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06650867/
• 关键词: Acidic precipitation; Soil; Neutralization mechanism; Land water; Mass transfer; Carbon dioxide; Estimation of Acidification; Column experiments; 中和反応; 陸水環境; 気・液・固相; 金属イオン; 日本海側地方; Acidic precipitation; Soil; Neutralization mechanism; Land water; Mass transfer; Carbon dioxide; Estimation of Acidification; Column experiments; 中和反応; 陸水環境; 気・液・固相; 金属イオン; 日本海側地方

A phenomenon in which air pollutants emitted by burning fossil fuels including coal and petroleum undergo various exidation reactions in the atmosphere, producing sulfate and nitrate ions, and rainfall, snowfall and dry particulates strongly acidified by those ions fall on the earth is called "acid rain" or "acid snow" . Problesms of this phenomenon include acidification of precipitation caused by those air pollutants rather than their own toxicity. To evaluate the damage of ecosystems and buildings on the ground caused by the acidic precipitation, its acidity should be actively taken into account.In order to study a ecotechnological countermeasurement of acidic precipitaion, this research elucidates the mechanism of the neutralization of the precipitation with soil, focusing on the difference in pH between the precipitation and the water of rivers and lakes.The experiments were carried out by using a batch reactor of a cylindrial policarbonate vessel with a reaction volume of acidic s … More olution 250 ml and a column reactor with a dry soil weight of 50g. Nitric acid solutions adjusted to pH4 were prepared as the acidic solution.We obtained following results.(1) The results suggests that soil neutralize hardly acidic precipitation containing much cations. It is well known that heavy snow which contains much reasalts derived from Japan Sea covers on the Japan Sea side of Japan in winter. Therefore, we are worried the bad influence of melting snow in early spring in Japan Sea side of Japan on the quality of land waters.(2) It was found according to the column experiments that the soil neutralization ability do not only detriorate but also is able to recover.(3) The effects of carbon dioxide on neutralizaiton process of acidic precipitation with soil have been also investigated. In order to estimate the contribution of cabon dioxide contained in soil on the neutralization, column experiments were carried out under high concentration of carbon dioxide. The life of neutralization ability of soil in the column under high concentration of carbon dioxide was shorter than normal columns. Less

一种现象，其中通过燃烧化石燃料发出的空气污染物在大气中经历了各种大型反应，产生硫酸盐和硝酸盐离子，以及降雨，降雪和干燥的成分，这些离子被这些离子落在地球上的“酸雨”或“酸雪”或“酸雪”。这种现象的特征包括由这些空气污染物而不是自身毒性引起的降水酸化。为了评估由酸性降水引起的生态系统和建筑物的损害，应积极考虑其酸度。在研究酸性降水的生态技术对抗中，这项研究阐明了土壤中降水的中和机制，通过cotivernal和car cot的差异。具有酸性S的反应量的圆柱形政治碳酸氢盐容器…更高的250毫升和一个柱状反应器，干土壤重量为50克。硝酸溶液调整为PH4作为酸性溶液。我们获得了以下结果。（1）结果表明，土壤几乎没有含有大量阳离子的酸性沉淀。众所周知，冬天，日本海洋一侧的日本海覆盖物中含有许多巨大雪。因此，我们担心日本日本海面融化积雪对土地水质质量的不良影响。（2）根据柱实验发现，土壤神经化能力不仅可以分解，而且还可以恢复。为了估计土壤中包含的二氧化碳对神经元化的贡献，在高浓度的二氧化碳下进行了柱实验。在高浓度的二氧化碳下，土壤在柱中的神经化能力的寿命比正常柱短。较少的