Remediation of Environmental Pollution Released from Industrial Wastes by Functional Clay Minerals

功能粘土矿物修复工业废弃物环境污染

基本信息

批准号：
11555203
负责人：
CHOHJI Tetsuji
金额：
$ 4.35万
依托单位：
Toyama National College of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11555203/
关键词：
functional clay minerals waste environment remediation fluoride heavy metals endocrine disrupter soil groundwater 環境ホルモン

项目摘要

A land fill is the primary method of waste disposal. The hazardous wastes that are released from various advanced industries are also disposed. All land fills produce some leachate. Whether the leachate contaminates groundwater depends on how the land fill is built, as well as on characteristics of the site. Leachate, the rainwater which becomes contaminated as it seeps through land fill can pose a significant threat to aquifers, rivers, lakes and watersheds if left untreated. In order to study the method to stop leaks to groundwater, rivers and lakes, the functional materials were developed based on the equilibrium theory and experimental results.In order to study the chemical behavior of hazardous materials in the land fill, it is important to investigate chemical characteristics of precipitation on the land fill. The Japan Sea side of Japan receives a relatively high amount of precipitation in winter and Kosa aerosols in spring. It is well known that the precipitation in winter is a … More lmost acidic and the precipitation containing Kosa aerosols is alkaline. In this study, it was found that the amount of Kosa aerosols precipitated on Japan was increasing year by year.In the land fill, the wastes are covered with a layer of soil, which is a kind of clay. Although the clay has a function of adsorption for some hazardous materials, it is weak. In this study, calcium fluoride is investigated as an example of most popular wastes in the land fill. The solubility of calcium fluoride was analysed by the equilibrium theory and adsorption of fluoride by clay minerals was experimentally investigated. On the other hand, although activated sludge is increasing year by year, it is difficult to secure land fill for throwing it. A carbonizing method has been developed as one of methods of reducing and recycling activated sludge. In this study, we presented that carbonized activated sludge is useful for avoiding harmful metals to leach out from land fill. It is found that the carbonized activated sludge has functions to neutralize strongly the leachate containing harmful materials, to adsorb heavy metals in the leachate and to release phosphate to make insolublematerials with harmful metals. Less

垃圾填埋场是废物处理的主要方法，所有垃圾填埋场都会产生一些渗滤液，渗滤液是否污染地下水取决于垃圾填埋场的建设方式。根据渗滤液的特点，渗入垃圾填埋场的雨水如果不加以处理，可能会对含水层、河流、湖泊和流域造成重大威胁。为了研究垃圾填埋场中有害物质的化学行为，研究垃圾填埋场降水的化学特性具有重要意义。日本海一侧的冬季降水较多，春季的科萨气溶胶较多。众所周知，冬季降水呈酸性，而含有科萨气溶胶的降水呈碱性。曾是发现日本上的科萨气溶胶沉淀量逐年增加。在垃圾填埋场中，垃圾上覆盖着一层土壤，这是一种粘土，虽然粘土对某些有害物质有吸附功能。在这项研究中，氟化钙作为垃圾填埋场中最常见的废物的一个例子进行了研究，通过平衡理论分析了氟化钙的溶解度，并研究了粘土矿物对氟化物的吸附。另一方面，虽然活性污泥逐年增加，但很难确保将其填埋，作为减少和回收活性污泥的方法之一，我们开发了碳化方法。提出炭化活性污泥可有效避免有害金属从填埋场中强烈浸出。研究发现，炭化活性污泥具有中和含有有害物质的渗滤液、吸附垃圾中重金属的作用。渗滤液释放磷酸盐，使有害金属含量减少。