Theoretical and Positive Research on the Partisan Competition and the Development of Diet Management Practice

党派竞争与饮食管理实践发展的理论与实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
06620046
负责人：
KAWATO Sadafumi
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06620046/
关键词：
Diet House of Representatives Institutionalization Party Politics Seniority Strategic Voting Political Reform Diet Management 代議士派閥

项目摘要

1.During the period under grant, I did research on the interfactional balancing and seniority rule for the appointment for important positions in the government and the Liberal Democratic Party. I present a theory to explain their development drawing on rational choice models as well as the changing composition of the LDP Dietmembers. Because available posts were in short supply vis-a-vis the number of senior members in the 1950s and the 1960s, they were distributed in favor of those in the mainstream factions according to seniority. This practice paved the way for the establishment of seniority rule across the party once this block of senior members either took cabinet posts or retired (got defeated) in the subsequent elections. The loss of a stable majority in the mid-1970s and the decrease in the number of factions from eight to five made each faction pivotal, leaving no room for factional maneuvering in a nested coalition game.2.The second research I did was on the institutionalization of rules governing promotion in the LDP.I showed that the institutionalization took place not in the late 1960s but in the early 1980s.3.I did another research into the change in the legislative process after the emergence of the Hosokawa Cabinet in 1993. I found that the changes in the Diet management practices were primarily concerned with distributional benefits and the abolition of practices developed during the LDP rule. One important change was the replacement of unanimity rule by majority rule in decision practice of the deliberation schedule in committees.4.Formation and maintenance of a majority coalition have become very important after 1993. The Hosokawa Cabinet could not garner a majority support for the Political Reform Bills in the House of Councilors in January 1994 because of the defection by the Socialists. I analyzed their voting behavior using a strategic voting model under incomplete information with uncertain agendas.

1.在格兰特（Grant）的期限下，我对政府和自由民主党重要职位的事实平衡和资历规则进行了研究。我提出了一种理论，可以解释他们在理性选择模型以及不民产税饮食成员的成分上的发展。由于可用的职位相对于1950年代和1960年代的高级成员人数很短，因此根据资历，他们有利于主流派系的人。一旦这个高级成员担任内阁职位，或者在随后的选举中退休（被击败），这种做法为整个方建立资历统治铺平了道路。在1970年代中期损失了稳定的多数席位，派系数量从八个到五个，每个派系的减少使每个派系关键都没有，在嵌套的联盟游戏中没有派系操纵的余地。2。我所做的第二项研究是关于在LDP.I中促进规则的制度化的第二次研究表明，该制度的研究表明，该制度不再发生了1960年代的变化。 1993年霍索卡瓦内阁出现后的立法过程。我发现，饮食管理实践的变化主要涉及分配福利和废除在LDP规则期间开发的做法。一个重要的变化是，在委员会的审议时间表的决策练习中，多数统治替代了一致性规则。我在不确定的议程中使用战略投票模型分析了他们的投票行为。