Chemical-reaction-engineering study on interdependence of structure and function

结构与功能相互依赖的化学反应工程研究

基本信息

批准号：
60470117
负责人：
AKEHATA Takashi
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Engineering is originally an activity creating structures to realize intended functions. Chemical reaction engineering, therefore, should move toward the stand point of understanding more the interdependence of structure and function of molecules and utilize the relationship positively.This study aims at investigating the interdependent relationships between structures and functions, i.e., to what degree various functions such as transformation and selective transport are determined by the structural properties of materials and/or systems. The knowledge thus gathered will be helpful guides for recognizing the essentials of chemical apparatuses and their operations.Investigators sit together once a month for these two years, presented their examined results and exchanged their views. Finally the investigated results were arranged into the following four groups.1. Molecules and the parts of moleculesComputer assisted prediction of molecular function; Prediction of high temperature chemical reaction; Identifying function of molecules and catalytic action; Biodegradation and biosynthesis in microorganisms.2.Associated and aggregated structures of moleculesExtraction mechanism of organic acids; Polymeric hydrogels and their applications.3.Effects and actions due to the microscopic structure of materialsEffect of the microscopic structure of materials to the material properties; Interaction between liquid-solid interface and the fluid flow in micropores; Liquid membrane and its separating function.4.Macroscopic structures and their functions resulting from microscopic structuresEffect of surface active agents on transport phenomena; Effect of fluid elasticity on drag reduction and structure of flow field; Interactions between diffusion fluxes in multicomponent distillation.

工程最初是一种创建结构以实现预期功能的活动。因此，化学反应工程应该走向更多地理解分子结构和功能相互依赖的立场，并积极利用这种关系。本研究旨在研究结构和功能之间的相互依赖关系，即各种功能在何种程度上发挥作用。因为转化和选择性传输是由材料和/或系统的结构特性决定的。由此收集到的知识将有助于指导人们认识化学设备及其操作的本质。这两年，研究人员每月坐在一起一次，展示他们的检查结果并交换意见。最后将调查结果分为以下四组： 1．分子和分子的组成部分分子功能的计算机辅助预测；高温化学反应预测；识别分子的功能和催化作用；微生物的生物降解与生物合成。2.分子的缔合与聚集结构有机酸的提取机理；高分子水凝胶及其应用。3.材料微观结构的影响和作用材料微观结构对材料性能的影响；液固界面与微孔内流体流动的相互作用；液膜及其分离功能。4.宏观结构及其由微观结构产生的功能表面活性剂对传输现象的影响；流体弹性对减阻和流场结构的影响；多组分蒸馏中扩散通量之间的相互作用。