Distillation Dynamics: Propagation and Fate of Disturbancesin Multicomponent Fractionation Columns

蒸馏动力学：多组分分馏塔中扰动的传播和命运

• 批准号: 9020749
• 负责人: Friedrich Helfferich
• 金额: $ 15.01万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-01 至 1993-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9020749&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Distillation; Dynamics; Propagation; Fate; Disturbancesin

The project aims at developing a phenomenological model for describing distillation-column dynamics for multicomponent systems. For improving practical design and control of fractionation columns the model appropriately describes the critical nonlinear and distributed nature of column dynamics with a mathematical framework which is concise enough for on- line control (e.g. feed forward controllers), control system analysis, and column design. The ultimate goal is to make distillation columns operable at lower reflux ratios, and thus to lower energy consumption. Better fundamental understanding of column dynamics will make it possible to upgrade existing columns and design new ones which are less sensitive to disturbances. The research approach is based on the multicomponent coherence theory of simpler countercurrent separation processes such as fixed-bed chromatography theory. The theory is expanded by including the dynamics of reflux and reboil, interaction between two or more sections, and heat effects. The theory and the dynamic model are tested by comparison with experimental results. Experiments are carried out in an industrial laboratory with a pilot-plant-scale, computer controlled distillation column properly equipped with a fast gas chromatography system for on-line composition anonitoring.

该项目旨在开发一个现象学模型，用于描述多组分系统的蒸馏列动力学。 为了改善分馏列的实用设计和控制模型，该模型适当地描述了列的临界非线性和分布式性质，具有数学框架，该框架足以简洁，可以进行线路控制（例如，馈电控制器），控制系统分析和列设计。 最终的目标是使蒸馏塔以较低的回流比下运行，从而降低能源消耗。 对色谱柱动态的更好的基本了解将使升级现有列和设计对干扰敏感的新列成为可能。 研究方法基于简单的反流分离过程（例如固定床色谱理论）的多组分相干理论。 该理论通过包括回流和重骨的动力学，两个或多个部分之间的相互作用以及热效应来扩展。 通过与实验结果进行比较，测试了理论和动态模型。 实验是在工业实验室中进行的，该实验室使用试用型，计算机控制的蒸馏柱适当配备了快速气相色谱系统，用于在线组成不适用。