STUDY ON CRITICAL SOLUTION PHENOMENA AND CAHN TRANSITION

临界解现象与CAHN转变研究

基本信息

批准号：
04453010
负责人：
ARATONO Makoto
金额：
$ 3.58万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1 The phase behavior of ternary two-phase system composed of water, nonane, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether(C4E1) was investigated thermodynamically. The compositions of the water and nonane phases were measured precisely as a function of total concentration of C4E1 and temperature under atmospheric pressure by gas liquid chromatography. A new kind of criterion of ideality for the two-phase equilibrium was proposed and examined by using the composition data obtained. The composition region of ideal dilute solution behavior was determined for the two phases as a function of temperature. It was suggested that the formation of aggregate of C4E1 in the water phase is enhanced at lower temperatures and that in the nonane phase does at higher temperatures, respectively. Furthermore the entropy and enthapy of transfer of ether molecules from the water to the nonane phase were evaluated not by calorimetry but by applying the thermodynamics to the composition data. The transfer was found to … More accompany the positive entropy and be endothermic.2 The interfacial tension of the ternary two-phase system of water -nonane- ethylene glycol monobutyl ether(C4E1) was measured as a function of the total mole fraction of C4E1 at siz temperatures under atmospheric pressure. To analyze the experimental results thermodynamically, it was shown that the value should be plotted not against the total mole fraction of C4E1 but against the equilibrium one in the nonane and water phases. It was found that the entropy of adsorption of C4E1 from the nonane phase decreases and that from the water phase increases from the entropy of the pure nonane/water interface formation with increasing the surface density of C4E1. The adsorption was discussed on the basis of the thermodynamic quantities of adsorption and transfer of C4E1 molecules.3 The dihedral angle of the lens of long chain alcohol at air/water interface was measured by using video microscopy. The phase transition of the interfacial film of alcohol, wetting-nonwetting transition, and the intruding of water phase into air/alcohol interface was observed. Furthermore the dihedral angles were examined by the values of interfacial tension. Less

1由水和乙二醇单丁基（C4E1）LY组成的Tw相系统的植物。他的组成数据确定了理想稀释溶液的组成区域，以便在较低的温度下增强了水相中的C4E1的形成。除了通过热力学而不是通过热力学来评估乙醚分子从水到非烷相的转移的熵和肠道转移的熵和肠分离。在热力学上，测量了水的三相系统（C4E1）的函数。与C4E1分子的Adsorptis讨论了纯净的非烷/水界面的熵和水相使用视频显微镜测量了空气/水界面的酒精，并观察到水相中的水相介绍的界面膜的相变。界面张力。