Modular, Chemical-Free Advanced Oxidation of 1,4-Dioxane and its Co-Contaminants in Ground Water

地下水中 1,4-二恶烷及其共污染物的模块化、无化学品高级氧化

• 批准号: 10361889
• 负责人: Jaehong Kim
• 金额: $ 22.99万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-07 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10361889
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adsorption; Air; Anthraquinones; Benchmarking; Benign; Carbon Dioxide; Cells; Characteristics; Charge; Chemicals; Chemistry; Collaborations; Consumption; Coupled; Coupling; Decentralization; Dioxanes; Distributed Systems; Dose; Electricity; Electron Transport; Engineering; Environmental sludge; Esthetics; Ethylene Dichlorides; Evolution; Excision; Exhibits; Exposure to; Filtration; Gases; Goals; Health; Household; Human; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immobilization; Industry; Iron; Lead; Light; Manganese; Mediating; Membrane; Metals; Methods; Municipalities; Oxidants; Oxygen; Parents; Performance; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Precipitation; Privatization; Process; Production; Reaction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Research Project Grants; Risk; Scheme; Site; Source; Structure; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Technology Transfer; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Toxicology; Trichloroethanes; Trichloroethylene; Ultraviolet Rays; Water; Water Pollutants; base; catalyst; chemical addition; chemical property; cost; design; drinking water; experimental study; exposed human population; field study; ground water; hydrophilicity; improved; innovation; interfacial; nanobubble; nanoscale; next generation; novel; operation; oxidation; performance tests; physical property; pollutant; prototype; remediation; residence; sensor; technology validation; ultraviolet; ultraviolet irradiation; water treatment; Acoustics; Adsorption; Air; Anthraquinones; Benchmarking; Benign; Carbon Dioxide; Cells; Characteristics; Charge; Chemicals; Chemistry; Collaborations; Consumption; Coupled; Coupling; Decentralization; Dioxanes; Distributed Systems; Dose; Electricity; Electron Transport; Engineering; Environmental sludge; Esthetics; Ethylene Dichlorides; Evolution; Excision; Exhibits; Exposure to; Filtration; Gases; Goals; Health; Household; Human; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immobilization; Industry; Iron; Lead; Light; Manganese; Mediating; Membrane; Metals; Methods; Municipalities; Oxidants; Oxygen; Parents; Performance; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Precipitation; Privatization; Process; Production; Reaction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Research Project Grants; Risk; Scheme; Site; Source; Structure; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Technology Transfer; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Toxicology; Trichloroethanes; Trichloroethylene; Ultraviolet Rays; Water; Water Pollutants; base; catalyst; chemical addition; chemical property; cost; design; drinking water; experimental study; exposed human population; field study; ground water; hydrophilicity; improved; innovation; interfacial; nanobubble; nanoscale; next generation; novel; operation; oxidation; performance tests; physical property; pollutant; prototype; remediation; residence; sensor; technology validation; ultraviolet; ultraviolet irradiation; water treatment

ABSTRACT The ultimate goal of this remediation project is to design, fabricate, test, and implement point-of-use, small- scale, water treatment systems that can remove 1,4-dioxane (1,4-DX) and its frequently co-occurring contaminants, trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1-dichloroethane (1,1-DCA) and 1,1,1,-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA), from contaminated ground water. The advanced oxidation process (AOP)–the process that employs highly reactive •OH as main oxidant–is considered to be the most effective among established water treatment methods for the destruction of these contaminants. However, enabling AOP in a small-scale, distributed system (i.e., in contrast to centralized large-scale treatment and water delivery through a network of pipe) is technically challenging due to the requirement for a precursor chemical (such as H2O2) that needs to be activated on site to produce •OH and the high energy demand. We will synthesize efficient catalyst materials, engineer various components of the system, and fabricate two highly-innovative prototype AOP reactors. The first reactor will employ a new catalyst that can selectively produce high concentrations of H2O2 using only water and oxygen as a source. The produced H2O2 will be activated by another newly-developed catalyst to produce •OH without any external energy/chemical supplies and without producing undesirable byproducts (which would otherwise require additional treatment). Coupled together, this catalytic system will enable for the first time AOP of ground water in a small, compact, distributed water treatment system. The second reactor will employ nanobubble technology. In this system, ambient air will be introduced to the water in the form of nanobubbles which collapse to produce •OH that will destroy 1,4-DX. Strategies to enhance the production of •OH through promotion of effective bubble collapse will be developed. Unlike any existing AOPs, both reactors will not require continuous supply of chemicals. In addition, they will either be solar powered (completely off-grid) or use a much smaller amount of electricity than conventional AOPs that employ ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. We will test the performance of prototype reactors and compare them with benchmark UV/H2O2 process (i.e., adding H2O2 and irradiating UV light). This will involve a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of parent compound (1,4-DX) destruction, as well as the evolution of reaction byproducts. Reduction of the deleterious effects of consuming 1,4-DX-containing water will be investigated in collaboration with Research Project 1. The prototype reactors will undergo testing in select field sites in Region 1 (identified as being contaminated by Research Project 2) to determine their efficiency under real world situations and their activity under long term conditions (employing sensors developed by Research Project 3). By promoting the continual removal of 1,4-DX and its co-occurring contaminants from drinking water sources, this project will directly reduce human exposure to these pollutants and thereby limit their adverse health effects.

抽象的 该补救项目的最终目标是设计，制造，测试和实施使用点，小型 - 比例尺，可以去除1,4-二氧烷（1,4-DX）的水处理系统，并且经常同时出现 污染物，三氯乙烯（TCE），1,1-二氯乙烷（1,1-DCA）和1,1,1， - 三氯乙烷（1,1,1-TCA）， 来自受污染的地下水。高级氧化过程（AOP） - 员工高度的过程 反应性•OH作为主要氧化剂 - 被认为是既定水处理中最有效的 破坏这些污染物的方法。但是，使AOP在小型的，分布 系统（即，与集中的大规模处理和通过管道网络提供的水相比）是 在技​​术上挑战，由于需要是需要的前体化学物质（例如H2O2） 在现场激活以产生•OH和高能量需求。 我们将综合有效的催化剂材料，工程师的各种组件，以及 制造两个高度创新的原型AOP反应器。第一个反应堆将采用一种新的催化剂，可以 仅使用水和氧作为来源，有选择地生产高浓度的H2O2。生产的H2O2 将被另一种新发达的催化剂激活以生产•哦，没有任何外部能量/化学物质 供应且不产生难以理解的副产品（否则需要额外的治疗）。 结合在一起，该催化系统将首次启用地下水，小巧，紧凑， 分布式水处理系统。第二个反应堆将采用纳米泡技术。在这个系统中， 环境空气将以纳米泡的形式引入水中，这些纳米泡会崩溃以产生•哦，哦 销毁1,4-DX。通过促进有效的气泡崩溃来增强•OH产生的策略 将开发。与任何现有的AOP不同，两个反应器都不需要持续的化学物质供应。在 此外，它们要么是太阳能（完全离网），要么使用的电量要比 使用紫外线（UV）辐照的常规AOP。 我们将测试原型反应器的性能，并将其与基准UV/H2O2进行比较 过程（即，添加H2O2并照射紫外线）。这将涉及对效率的全面分析 母体化合物（1,4-DX）破坏以及反应副产品的演变。减少 消耗1,4-DX水的有害影响将与研究合作研究 项目1。原型反应器将在区域1的选定场地进行测试（被确定为 受研究项目污染2）确定其在现实世界中的效率及其活动 在长期条件下（采用研究项目3开发的传感器）。通过促进延续 从饮用水源中去除1,4-DX及其共发生的污染物，该项目将直接 减少人类对这些污染物的接触，从而限制其不良健康影响。