From local diversity to transnational institutionalization: The emergence of the European Unified Patent Court

从地方多样性到跨国制度化：欧洲统一专利法院的出现

• 批准号: 430164615
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Johannes Glückler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehr- und Forschungseinheit Wirtschaftsgeographie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/430164615?language=en
• 关键词: local; diversity; transnational; institutionalization; emergence

Although the European patent was established in 1973 to protect intellectual property across the European Union, to date there is still no unitary jurisdiction to litigate and enforce IP rights at European scale. UNIFIED focuses on the current process of institutional convergence between nationally fragmented IP regimes and the emergence of a genuine transnational institution: the Unified Patent Court. Given recent evidence of the differences in IP litigation outcomes between the EU member states, this project compares the two leading continental European IP regimes to answer two research questions: How do judicial beliefs in and interpretations of legal norms vary across the regional and national jurisdictions of France and Germany, and how do these beliefs and interpretations eventually converge to manifest a unitary jurisdiction? UNIFIED pioneers a neo-structural theory of institutionalization that integrates institutional and network approaches to account for the relational mechanisms that harmonize and enforce judicial beliefs, interpretations and practices. As part of a mixed-methods research design, a panel of two waves of qualitative interviews with patent judges draws the ‘colors’ of the variegated judicial beliefs and interpretations in France and Germany; while a set of formal network surveys at professional ‘convergence events’ discerns the relational mechanisms that produce a ‘change in these colors.’ UNIFIED is in a unique historical position to study the emergence of the Unified Patent Court as an in-vivo case of convergence from a geographically fragmented variety in judicial institutions. UNIFIED will collect original primary data, both substantive and relational, on an elite judicial field in Europe, and it will contribute to a better understanding of how transnational institutions emerge, in the process, from the origin of interregional judicial diversity. Creating a legitimate and effective unitary IP regime will be a major advance for the European single market to propel and protect future technological innovativeness. In terms of socio-economic relevance, UNIFIED is looking for ways in which a common legal institution could help France and Germany boost the strength of their respective national innovation systems by jointly providing and enforcing a common perspective on patents.

尽管欧洲专利于 1973 年设立，旨在保护整个欧盟的知识产权，但迄今为止，在欧洲范围内仍然没有统一的司法管辖区来诉讼和执行知识产权。一个真正的跨国机构的出现：统一专利法院 鉴于欧盟成员国之间知识产权诉讼结果差异的最新证据，该项目比较了欧洲大陆的两个主要知识产权制度，以回答两个研究问题：法国和德国的地区和国家司法管辖区对法律规范的司法信念和解释有何不同？这些信念和解释最终如何汇聚以体现统一管辖权？网络方法来解释协调和执行司法信念、解释和实践的关系机制，作为混合方法研究设计的一部分，由两轮与专利法官的定性访谈组成的小组绘制了专利法官的“颜色”。法国和德国多种多样的司法信念和解释；而对专业“趋同事件”的一系列正式网络调查发现了产生“这些颜色变化”的关系机制。统一专利法院作为地理上分散的各种司法机构的融合案例，将收集欧洲精英司法领域的原始主要数据，包括实质性数据和相关数据。它将有助于更好地理解在此过程中跨国机构如何从区域间司法多样性的起源中产生。建立合法有效的统一知识产权制度将是欧洲单一市场推动和保护未来技术创新的重大进步。在社会经济相关性方面，UNIFIED 正在寻找共同的法律机构通过共同提供和执行关于专利的共同观点来帮助法国和德国增强各自国家创新体系的实力。