Analysis on Physiological Response of Crop to Salinity

作物对盐分的生理响应分析

基本信息

批准号：
02454042
负责人：
TSUCHIYA Mikio
金额：
$ 4.48万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Rates of photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration as well as ion uptake were measured in different varieties with varying salt tolerance under salt stress condition in order to determine a physiological status of salt tolerance. Moreover, the status was created artificially to clear a possible cultivation management and a breeding direction.The following results were obtained:1. Partitioning of assimilate was estimated by using constructive respiration coefficient. A pronounced difference in non-structural carbohydrate accumulation was found among rice varieties.2. Na^+ was highly excluded in salt tolerant varieties and the exclusion efficiency increased with the transpiration rate, but not with root respiration rate.3. The exclusion system drived by transpiration operated on Cl^-, K^+, Li^+, Ca^<2+> and Mg^<2+>, and the efficiency increased with the radius of hydrated ion.4. Na^+ was excluded around endodermis and the mechanism of this function was pointed out to be based on reverse osmosis drived by negative pressure in the xylem produced by transpiration.5. The varietal difference of salt tolerance was well-understood in terms of the capacity of root as a reverse osmosis membrane and the transpiration ability as a driving power.6. Salt tolerant variety had higher transpiration due to the osmotic adjustment of accumulated non-structural carbohydrate induced under salt condition, though its root capacity as a reverse osmosis membrane was originally lower.7. An enrichment of silicic acid into the culture solution and a low NaCl concentration pretreatment increased Na^+ exclusion efficiency through the improvement of the membrane quality and driving power.

在盐胁迫条件下，以不同的品种测量了光合作用，呼吸和蒸腾以及离子摄取的速率，以确定耐盐的生理状态。此外，该状态是人为创建的，以清除可能的种植管理和育种方向。获得了以下结果：1。通过使用建设性呼吸系数估算同化的分配。在水稻品种中发现了非结构性碳水化合物积累的明显差异。2。 Na^+在耐盐品种中被高度排除，而排除效率随蒸腾速率而增加，但并不以根呼吸速率。3。蒸腾驾驶的排除系统在cl^ - ，k^+，li^+，ca^<2+>和mg^<2+>上运行，并且随着水合离子的半径的增加而增加的效率。4。 Na^+被排除在内胚层周围，并指出该功能的机理是基于通过蒸腾产生的木质部中的负压驱动的反渗透。5。从根部作为反渗透膜的能力和作为驱动力的蒸腾能力的能力方面，盐耐受性的各种差异都得到了很好的理解。6。由于在盐条件下累积的非结构性碳水化合物诱导的累积的非结构性碳水化合物的渗透调节，盐耐药品种的蒸腾作用较高，尽管其根部作为反渗透膜的根系最初较低。7。通过提高膜质量和驱动力，将硅酸富集到培养溶液中，而NaCl浓度较低提高了Na^+排除效率。