Research on the typology of elementary school districts in Japan

日本小学学区类型研究

• 批准号: 02451034
• 负责人: HAYO Masaaki
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: TOKYO GAGUGEI UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02451034/
• 关键词: Elementary school district; Community structure; Chounaikai; Urban change; 氏子圏; 学校設置区域; 学区; 学校設置地域; 番組小学校; 街割り; 大区小区制; 地域共同体

This research focuses on the topic of the typology of elementary school districts in Japan. The school districts function as the foundation of schooling especially at the compulsory education. At the same time they function as the cells of community planning. In this respect it is essential for us to understand the way how these districts are organized in order to understand the structure of compulsory education and Japanese community.As the typical cases of these I picked up 2 cases. One of them is the case of elementary school districts in Kyoto. Another one is the case of Ise City. These two cases are the typical ones of 4 types of elementary school districts.Japanese elementary school districts are said to have their origins at the beginning of Meiji era. At those times school districts are said to have had three different meanings. Only one of them, the meaning of school zones where a group of pupils of the same zone are compelled to go to the same school, is said to be kept until now. But I think that the lost meaning of school districts as the community cells where a school is located is most important to understand the present situation of elementary school district. Actual function of this sort is the key to understanding the situation of them.

本研究的重点是日本小学学区的类型学主题。学区是学校教育特别是义务教育的基础。同时它们也充当社区规划的细胞。在这方面，我们有必要了解这些地区的组织方式，以便了解义务教育和日本社区的结构。作为其中的典型案例，我举了两个案例。其中之一是京都小学学区的情况。另一个例子是伊势市。这两个案例是4类小学学区的典型案例。 日本的小学学区据说起源于明治初期。据说当时学区具有三种不同的含义。据说只有其中一个保留至今，即“学区”的意思，即同一学区的一群学生被迫去同一所学校就读。但我认为，学区作为学校所在社区单元的意义的丧失对于理解小学学区的现状最为重要。这种实际作用是了解它们的情况的关键。

项目成果

葉養 正明: "学区制" 教育思潮読本(教職研修総合特集). (1991)

Masaaki Hayo：《学区制度》教育思想读本（教师培训综合专题）（1991）。

葉養 正明: "教育の空間的秩序ー教育空間の風土論" 紫峰図書, (1993)

洋洋正明：《教育的空间秩序——教育空间的气候理论》志保东照，（1993）

真野 宮雄: "生涯学習体系論" 東京書籍, (1991)

真野宫雄：《终身学习系统理论》东京书籍，（1991）

下村 哲夫: "教育の制度と経営" 文教書院, (1991)

下村哲夫：《教育制度与管理》文京书院，（1991）