More than Writing: Coding and Decoding (in) Amerindian Graphic Communication Systems between Mexico and the Andes

不仅仅是写作：墨西哥和安第斯山脉之间的美洲印第安图形通信系统的编码和解码

• 批准号: 426605030
• 负责人: Dr. Christiane Clados
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Kultur- und Sozialanthropologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/426605030?language=en
• 关键词: More; than; Writing; Coding; Decoding

This project investigates the operating principles of Amerindian graphic systems by 1) exploring selected case studies and by 2) reconceptualizing the deeply rooted assumption that non-European graphic systems are to be measured and evaluated from a point of view that focuses on "true" writing, i.e., the full visualization of speech. Such a biased, but still prevailing focus is problematic, as most graphic communication systems in the Americas and elsewhere do not visualize speech but express mental concepts and constructions without visualizing words. Plenty of Western knowledge is as well codified in non-alphabetical graphic communication systems, which are, like chemical or musical notations, understood independently and be verbalized in different languages, but the theoretical work on those kinds of scripts is still in its infancy. This project asks how such graphic communication systems work in Amerindian America and how their understanding contributes to a general theory of writing. Therefore, five subprojects will analyze highly distinct cases (from Mixtec codices and maize reading, to mixed pre-Hispanic Andean communication systems, to pictographs and graphical notation system in Lowland South America) through a similar basic methodical procedure to contribute to a unified theory in which the plurality of Amerindian graphic communication systems could be included. This project will bring together the specific knowledge and methodologies developed for analyzing prehispanic and contemporary graphic communication systems in different Amerindian regions, cultures, as well as different academic traditions: Mesoamerican, Andean and Lowland South American. It will thereby contribute to better comprehend the communication and transmission of knowledge in Amerindian graphic communication systems by focusing on the operating principles of these systems; to develop a unified methodology for approaching Amerindian graphic communication systems and a theory of the plurality of Amerindian graphic communication systems.

该项目通过1）探索选定的案例研究来研究美洲印度图形系统的运行原理，并通过2）重新概念化根深蒂固的假设，即从侧重于“真实”写作的角度对非欧洲图形系统进行了测量和评估。 ，即语音的完整可视化。如此有偏见但仍然流行的重点是有问题的，因为美洲和其他地方的大多数图形通信系统都不可视化语音，而是在不可视化单词的情况下表达心理概念和结构。在非字母表的图形通信系统中，大量西方知识也具有很好的编码，这些图形通信系统（例如化学或音乐符号）独立理解并以不同的语言进行了口头表达，但是这些脚本的理论工作仍处于起步阶段。该项目询问这种图形通信系统如何在美国美国的美国工作，以及他们的理解如何促进一般的写作理论。因此，五个副标题将通过类似的基本方法论促进统一的基本方法，从而分析高度不同的病例（从Mixtec抄本和玉米阅读到混合的西班牙裔安第斯通讯系统，到南美低地南美的象形文字和图形符号系统），以促进统一的理论。可以包括其中的多个美洲图形通信系统。该项目将汇集出用于分析美国不同地区，文化以及不同学术传统的前甲壳虫和当代图形通信系统的特定知识和方法：中美洲，安第斯和南美低地。因此，它将通过关注这些系统的运营原理来更好地理解美洲印度图形通信系统中知识的交流和传播；开发一种统一的方法来接近美洲印度的图形通信系统和美洲印度图形通信系统的多元化理论。