Development of a new type of student's manual for laboratory work in biology.

开发新型生物学实验室工作学生手册。

基本信息

批准号：
63880036
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Keiichi
金额：
$ 3.39万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

one of the major difficulties in teaching biological sciences at high schools and universities is in the laboratory as the practicability of a subject is severely limited by the availability of biological materials and the equipments, and by the skill and experience of teachers or instructors. To remove some of the difficulties; an attempt was made to develop a software for personal computers by which teachers can edit their own version of student's manuals for the laboratory suitable for their individual needs and circumstances The software we have developed consists of a simple editor, text files divided into small blocks, and programs for statistical analyses including linear and non-linear regressions. Teachers can choose, rearrange and even rewrite the text to construct their own instruction manuals at the level of the operating system (MS-DOS, Japanese version), though much finer reorganization of the text can be made by the aid of word processors such as the WordStar. Using this software, we produced instruction manuals for the following subjects and tested them in the physiology course at the Zoological Institute, University of Tokyo: 1. 'The basis of neurophysiology'; 2. 'Physiology of muscle contraction; 3. 'Cell motilityl. The application was successful in that the time required for the preparation of instruction was significantly shortened and the instruction became much more comprehensive to the students. However, some problems such as the management of figures and illustrations were left to be solved. In addition to these problems, application of the software to the practices in high schools and junior high schools should also be studied further.

高中和大学生物科学教学的主要困难之一是在实验室，因为一门学科的实用性受到生物材料和设备的可用性以及教师或讲师的技能和经验的严重限制。消除一些困难；我们尝试开发一种用于个人计算机的软件，教师可以通过该软件为实验室编辑自己版本的学生手册，适合他们的个人需求和情况。我们开发的软件由一个简单的编辑器、分为小块的文本文件组成，以及统计分析程序，包括线性和非线性回归。教师可以选择、重新排列甚至重写文本，以在操作系统（MS-DOS，日语版）级别构建自己的说明手册，尽管可以借助文字处理器（例如，词之星。使用该软件，我们为以下科目制作了指导手册，并在东京大学动物研究所的生理学课程中进行了测试： 1.“神经生理学基础”； 2.“肌肉收缩的生理学”； 3.“细胞运动性”。该应用的成功之处在于，准备教学所需的时间显着缩短，并且对学生来说教学变得更加全面。但图形、插图的管理等一些问题尚待解决。除了这些问题外，该软件在高中、初中实践中的应用也值得进一步研究。