Observing the two- and three- dimensional distributions of trace gases with the Heidelberger Airborne Imaging DOAS Instrument (HAIDI) on board HALO during the phase II mission EMerGe

在第二阶段任务 EmerGe 期间，使用 HALO 上的海德堡机载成像 DOAS 仪器 (HAIDI) 观测痕量气体的二维和三维分布

• 批准号: 316822355
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ulrich Platt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Umweltphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316822355?language=en
• 关键词: Observing; two; three; dimensional; distributions

The focus of this project is on the application of a new remote sensing 2D and 3D imaging DOAS instrument HAIDI to investigate the chemical composition of plumes emitted from major urban pollution centers (MPC) (megacities) in Europe and Asia. The activities will be part of the EMerGe mission for the German research airplane HALO, with an additional participation in the CAFE mission being currently under investigation. Airborne observations by HAIDI allow for measurements of key parameters for the characterization of these MPC outflow plumes, including trace gas distributions of NO2, HCHO, SO2, CHOCHO, BrO, IO, OClO, H2O, O4 and O3 as well as aerosol optical properties. The resulting 2D maps have a resolution better than 100 m with a width of ~10 km and thus cover large areas at once. Using tomographic techniques, 3D maps including information on the vertical distribution can be retrieved. HAIDI observes some of the most relevant gases to study the chemical composition and transformation of the MPC plumes in the outflow. We will study the size, distribution and spatial change of these plumes in dependence of topography and meteorology. Especially emission, transformation, and loss of NO2 as a key component will be investigated. In combination with further observed components on HALO, the chemical change of the trace gases and aerosol composition is of main interest to answer questions of the local, regional, and global influence of MPC emission plumes. HAIDI can also derive aerosol optical properties, which will be used in combination with in-situ measurements of aerosol characteristics on HALO to quantify the effect of these MPC plumes on the atmospheric radiation budget. Furthermore, the derived trace gas distributions are key quantities for the validation and improvement of model data within the EMerGe project. A further validation of satellite data is envisaged. With HAIDI, a system with 3D capability, allowing to derive full 3D trace gas (and aerosol optical property) distributions, will be deployed for the first time. For this purpose, HAIDI uses three imaging DOAS instruments pointing at different directions. In this project we will - based on our previous work - develop algorithms to combine these dataset in a radiative transfer model with tomographic approaches. Since this is the first time HAIDI operates on HALO, it has to undergo the certification and adaptation process within this project.

该项目的重点是应用新的遥感2D和3D成像DOAS Instrument Haidi来研究欧洲和亚洲主要城市污染中心（MPC）（MPC）（MPC）发出的羽毛的化学成分。这些活动将成为德国研究飞机Halo的出现任务的一部分，并在目前正在调查的CAFE任务中额外参与。 Haidi的空气传播观察结果允许测量这些MPC流出羽流的关键参数，包括NO2，HCHO，SO2，CHOCHO，CHOCHO，BRO，IO，IO，IO，OCLO，H2O，O4和O3的痕量气体分布以及气溶性。所得的2D地图的分辨率优于100 m，宽度约为10 km，因此一次覆盖了大面积。使用层析成像技术，可以检索3D图，其中包括有关垂直分布的信息。 Haidi观察到一些最相关的气体，用于研究流出中MPC羽流的化学组成和转化。我们将研究这些羽毛的大小，分布和空间变化，以依赖地形和气象。特别是研究No2作为关键组成部分的排放，转换和丢失。结合进一步观察到的光环上的组件，痕量气体和气溶胶组成的化学变化是回答MPC发射羽流的局部，区域和全球影响的问题的主要兴趣。 Haidi还可以得出气溶胶光学性能，该特性将与光环上气溶胶特性的原位测量结合使用，以量化这些MPC羽流对大气辐射预算的影响。此外，派生的痕量气体分布是验证和改进现成项目中模型数据的关键数量。设想对卫星数据的进一步验证。对于Haidi，将首次部署具有3D功能的系统，可导致完整的3D微量气体（和气溶胶光学特性）分布。为此，Haidi使用指向不同方向的三种成像DOA仪器。在这个项目中，我们将基于我们以前的工作 - 开发算法，将这些数据集与辐射转移模型与层析成像方法相结合。由于这是Haidi首次在Halo上运作，因此必须在该项目中进行认证和适应过程。