Ground based and airborne in-situ Measurements of volcanic Carbon and Sulfur Emissions at high temporal Resolution

高时间分辨率火山碳和硫排放的地面和机载原位测量

• 批准号: 290278591
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ulrich Platt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/290278591?language=en
• 关键词: Ground; based; airborne; situ; Measurements

This is a request for travel funds for a trip from Germany to GNS and the White Island Volcano in New Zealand, where we plan in-situ measurements of volcanic SO2 with a new type of instrument together with researchers from NZ. Combined with in-situ CO2 measurements we expect a data set of CO2/SO2 ratios of unprecedented accuracy and time resolution.Although remote sensing of SO2 has become well established among volcanologists over the last decades, ground based and airborne in-situ-measurements remain essential to obtain comple¬mentary information. Nowadays in-situ measurements of SO2 are often performed by electrochemical sensors, which suffer from several disadvantages including (1) relatively long response times (ca. 20 s and more), (2) interferences to several other reactive gas species present in volcanic plumes (which are hard to quantify or even unknown), (3) the need for frequent calibration. We overcome these problems with a newly developed optical in-situ SO2-sensor prototype, relying on the principle of non-dispersive UV-absorption (PITSA, Portable in-situ Sulfurdioxide Analyser). Its cost-effective application for measurements of SO2 has become possible by the recent developments of UV-LEDs. The sample air is pumped through a glass cell, where it is exposed to the light beam of an UV-LED (ca. 290nm), in which essentially only SO2 shows absorption features. Therefore the reduction of the radiation intensity passing the cell becomes an indicator for the sample air's SO2-content. The PITSA device is combined with a commercial CO2 sensor using its infrastructure (pump, microprocessor, power supply, p, T-sensors) thus allowing SO2 and CO2 measurements at 0.1 ppm and 1 ppm accuracy, respectively. This allows new volcanological applications.

这是从德国到GNS和新西兰的怀特岛火山旅行的要求，我们计划在那里与新西兰的研究人员一起使用新型乐器对火山SO2进行现场测量。结合原位二氧化碳测量值，我们期望有前所未有的准确性和时间分辨率的二氧化碳/SO2比率的数据集。尽管SO2的遥感遥感在过去几十年中已经在火山学家中建立了良好，但基于地面和空中的空态态度仍然是必不可少的，以获得完整的信息。如今，SO2的原位测量通常是由电化学传感器执行的，这些传感器患有多种缺点，包括（1）相对较长的响应时间（约20 s及以上），（2）与火山羽流中存在的其他几种反应性气体的相互作用（很难量化甚至很难量化，甚至是经常校准），（3）需要经常校准。我们依靠非分散性紫外线吸收原理（Pitsa，Portable，Portable Portable-portable situ sutu sulfurdioxide Analyszer）来克服这些问题。紫外线领导的最新发展已成为可能的SO2测量的成本效益。样品空气通过玻璃单元将其暴露于紫外线的光束（约290nm）的光束，其中本质上只有SO2显示出滥用功能。因此，通过细胞的辐射强度的降低成为样品空气SO2含量的指标。 PITSA设备与商业CO2传感器结合使用其基础架构（泵，微处理器，电源，P，T传感器），从而分别以0.1 ppm和1 ppm准确地允许SO2和CO2测量值。这允许新的火山应用。