Snow petrel stomach oil deposits (Antarctic mumiyo) as archives for the environmental history of terrestrial East Antarctica

雪海燕胃油沉积物（南极 mumiyo）作为东南极洲陆地环境历史的档案

基本信息

批准号：
314910053
负责人：
Dr. Sonja Berg
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/314910053?language=en
关键词：
Snow petrel stomach oil deposits

项目摘要

The Antarctic region is an important component in the Earth climate system, since the polar ice sheets and the surrounding ocean affect global sea level, ocean circulation and heat transport, marine productivity and albedo. Due to the remoteness of East Antarctica and the limited number of records many questions remain open concerning the important issue of Antarctic climate variability. For the establishment of an Antarctic-wide picture of ice sheet development and its link to the climatic and environmental variability, good records with a robust age control are a basic requirement. However, datable records are especially rare in the terrestrial areas of Antarctica. Snow petrels (Pagodroma nivea) are endemic to Antarctica. The birds exclusively breed on un-glaciated ice-free grounds along the coast and on nunataks in farer distance to the sea while their feeding grounds are located within the pack ice or open waters of the Southern Ocean. Around their nesting sites stomach oil, which is ejected as a defence against potential intruders, accumulates and fossilizes. The organic nature of these centimetre to decimetre thick deposits (called mumiyo) provides the rare opportunity for radiocarbon dating. Mumiyo deposits can therefore serve as archives for the reconstruction of the local glacial history, sea-level, and lake-level histories, and also provide a link to the marine environment, with respect to both ice coverage and oceanographic properties. Mumiyo has been used to constrain the timing of ice retreat in different parts of East Antarctica, however its potential as an archive for paleoenvironmental reconstructions has not been fully exploited. In the proposed project we want to systematically study the chronology of mumiyo deposits and to evaluate vertical changes in their composition. This will provide information on changes in the local conditions and in the paleodiet of the snow petrels, which has paleoceanographic implications. We use existing but yet unprocessed sample material from different sites in Dronning Maud Land. This will also give new insights in the deglaciation history of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet since the late Pleistocene in a region where chronological control is mostly not available.

南极地区是地球气候系统的重要组成部分，极地冰盖和周围海洋影响全球海平面、海洋环流和热量传输、海洋生产力和反照率。由于东南极洲地处偏远且记录数量有限，有关南极气候变化这一重要问题的许多问题仍然悬而未决。为了建立整个南极洲冰盖发展及其与气候和环境变化的联系的图景，良好的记录和严格的年龄控制是基本要求。然而，在南极洲陆地区域，可数据化的记录尤其罕见。雪海燕 (Pagodroma nivea) 是南极洲的特有种。这些鸟只在沿海的非冰川无冰地面和离海较远的努纳塔克岛上繁殖，而它们的觅食地位于南大洋的浮冰或开阔水域。在它们的筑巢地点周围，胃油会积聚并形成化石，胃油是为了防御潜在入侵者而喷出的。这些厘米到分米厚的沉积物（称为“mumiyo”）的有机性质为放射性碳测年提供了难得的机会。因此，Mumiyo 沉积物可以作为重建当地冰川历史、海平面和湖平面历史的档案，并且还可以在冰覆盖和海洋学特性方面提供与海洋环境的联系。 Mumiyo 已被用来限制东南极洲不同地区冰退缩的时间，但其作为古环境重建档案的潜力尚未得到充分利用。在拟议的项目中，我们希望系统地研究木美代沉积物的年代学，并评估其成分的垂直变化。这将提供有关当地条件和雪海燕古饮食变化的信息，这具有古海洋学意义。我们使用来自 Dronning Maud Land 不同地点的现有但未经处理的样本材料。这也将为了解东南极冰盖自晚更新世以来的冰消历史提供新的见解，该地区基本上无法进行时间控制。