Risks and adverse effects of meditation

冥想的风险和不利影响

• 批准号: 314155732
• 负责人: Dr. Ulrich Ott
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bender Institute of Neuroimaging (BION)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/314155732?language=en
• 关键词: Risks; adverse; effects; meditation

In meditation research, attention is directed primarily on positive health-outcomes. On the other hand, risks and adverse effects of meditation are hardly recognized. The ongoing project intends to answer the following questions using interviews and - based on that - a questionnaire survey: Which difficult, challenging, or unpleasant experiences are apparently triggered by regular practice of Buddhist or mindfulness-based meditation? How are these experiences interpreted by the subjects? Which actions are helpful in dealing with such experiences? Which factors, with regards to the person and/or meditation practice, encourage the occurrence of such experiences; what theory can explain their occurrence? How do people in charge of Buddhist meditation centers and providers of mindfulness-based methods try to prevent the occurrence of such experiences; what actions do those people in charge and providers take when such experiences occur, and which actions are helpful in dealing with such experiences? How do executives in the health system deal with such experiences? How do patients with such experiences see their course of treatment? Since this is early basic research, qualitative methods are applied in the first phase of the project (sampling, interviews, and analysis according to the grounded theory method). In the second phase of the project, a questionnaire will be developed, distributed and analyzed, in order to test whether the qualitative findings are corroborated by the quantitative data. The analysis of correlations in a larger sample (one assessment) provides the basis for a prospective study with participants of mindfulness-based interventions (longitudinal assessment at four points in time). Necessary methodological adjustments in the first phase of the project lead to considerable additional work and required time. The by 12 months extended duration is required for (a) an inductive coding of the collected interview data in order to allow a conclusive replication attempt; (b) collecting and analyzing an extended sample in order to allow theoretical saturation; (c) allowing the additional administration and analysis of a participant attributes form.

在冥想研究中，注意力主要集中在积极的健康结果上。另一方面，冥想的风险和不利影响却很少被认识到。正在进行的项目打算通过访谈并在此基础上进行问卷调查来回答以下问题：哪些困难、具有挑战性或不愉快的经历显然是由定期练习佛教或正念冥想引发的？受试者如何解释这些经历？哪些行动有助于处理此类经历？就个人和/或冥想练习而言，哪些因素会鼓励此类经历的发生；什么理论可以解释它们的发生？佛教禅修中心的负责人和正念方法的提供者如何努力防止此类经历的发生？当此类经历发生时，负责人和提供者会采取哪些行动？哪些行动有助于处理此类经历？卫生系统的高管如何应对此类经历？有此类经历的患者如何看待自己的治疗过程？由于这是早期的基础研究，因此在项目的第一阶段采用了定性方法（根据扎根理论方法进行抽样、访谈和分析）。在该项目的第二阶段，将制定、分发和分析一份调查问卷，以测试定性研究结果是否得到定量数据的证实。对较大样本（一次评估）的相关性分析为基于正念干预的参与者进行前瞻性研究（四个时间点的纵向评估）提供了基础。项目第一阶段必要的方法调整导致大量额外工作和所需时间。 (a) 对收集到的访谈数据进行归纳编码，以便进行结论性的复制尝试；需要延长 12 个月的持续时间； (b) 收集并分析扩展样本以实现理论饱和； (c) 允许对参与者属性表进行额外的管理和分析。