Extreme events in the Holocene geological record of Corfu (Ionian Islands, Greece) and their influence on man and environment - XTREME EVENTS

科孚岛（希腊爱奥尼亚群岛）全新世地质记录中的极端事件及其对人类和环境的影响 - XTREME EVENTS

基本信息

批准号：
280180719
负责人：
Dr. Peter Fischer
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Geomorphologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/280180719?language=en
关键词：
Extreme events Holocene geological record

项目摘要

Extreme events (XE) in the geomorphological system trigger abrupt changes of sedimentary and environmental conditions associated to distinct high-energy processes. XE may be of temporary character and provoke an interruption of prevailing conditions or induce a permanent change of the geo- and ecosystem and thus strongly influence the subsequent landscape evolution. Such geomorphological crises may act as catalyser for distinct shifts in the cultural record and even cultural crises. XE leave distinct marker horizons in the sedimentary record: Using a modern multi-proxy approach, we seek to detect their spatial and temporal dimensions and, by geomorphological and geoarchaeological evidence, reconstruct their specific influence on landscape evolution as well as on man-made infrastructure. On Corfu, published data provide evidence of various XE that have occurred since the Palaeoanthropocene, comprising hydrological XE and soil erosion related to torrential runoff and rapid climate changes, co-seismic crustal movements bound to seismo-tectonic events, and tsunamis triggered by earthquakes and submarine mass movements. Also, extreme storm events must have left traces at least in the sedimentary record of the exposed west coast of Corfu. In addition, human-environmental interactions as part of the cultural heritage on Corfu are documented in many sedimentary archives where archaeological remains are embedded in Holocene deposits. Such a constellation offers ideal conditions for multi-proxy based geoscientific investigations in geomorphological, (geo-)archaeological and archaeoseismological contexts covering different spatial and temporal scales. The planned investigation of Holocene XE and abrupt environmental changes are based on well-defined research gaps and detailed preparatory studies. The main objective of the XTREME EVENTS project is to identify and discriminate between signals of human-induced, climatic, tectonically triggered events based on a different sensitiveness to XE of sedimentary archives such as inland poljes, alluvial plains and coastal zones. Moreover, the overall character - temporary or enduring, interfering pre-existing processes or triggering landscape changes -, dimension and intensity of detected XE and their influence on natural and cultural landscapes will be evaluated by integrating (geo-)archaeological studies in appropriate archaeological sites, such as harbour facilities, houses, public building or temple areas of ancient Corfu. The project founds on a joint venture (2013-2017) between the 8th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities, the Greek Ministry of Culture and our research group. It will shed new light on the general relation between geomorphological and cultural crises: Corfu Island, having been subject to different XE during the past millennia, offers ideal preconditions regarding different sedimentary archives and a long-lasting cultural tradition.

地貌系统中的极端事件（XE）引发了与不同高能过程相关的沉积和环境条件的突然变化。 XE可能具有暂时的特征，并引起了普遍条件的中断或引起地理和生态系统的永久变化，从而强烈影响随后的景观演变。这种地貌危机可能是文化记录甚至文化危机的明显转变的催化剂。 XE在沉积记录中留下了不同的标记范围：使用现代的多核方法，我们试图检测它们的空间和时间维度，并通过地貌和地理结构证据，重建其对景观演化以及对人造基础设施的特定影响。在CORFU上，已发布的数据提供了自古代世以来发生的各种XE的证据，其中包括与隆起径流和快速气候变化有关的水文XE和土壤侵蚀，与地震构造事件结合的共同地壳运动以及地震事件以及Tsunamis受到地震和下层群群的触发。同样，极端的风暴事件必须至少在裸露的科孚岛西海岸的沉积记录中留下痕迹。此外，在许多沉积物档案中记录了人类环境的相互作用，作为科养文化遗产的一部分，考古遗体嵌入了全新世沉积物中。这样的星座为基于多形的地球科学研究提供了理想的条件，在地球学，（地理）考古和考古学环境中涵盖了不同的空间和时间尺度。全新世XE和突然环境变化的计划研究基于定义明确的研究差距和详细的准备研究。 Xtreme事件项目的主要目的是基于对内陆Poljes，冲积平原和沿海地区等沉积档案的XE的不同敏感性，识别和区分人类引起的人类引起的人类引起的人类引发的事件。此外，将通过在适当的考古遗址中整合（GEO-）考古学研究来评估整体特征 - 临时或持久的过程，干预曾存在的过程或触发景观的变化 - XE的维度和强度及其对自然和文化景观的影响以及它们对自然和文化景观的影响将评估。该项目在史前和古典古物，希腊文化部和我们的研究小组之间建立了合资企业（2013-2017）。它将为地貌和文化危机之间的一般关系提供新的启示：在过去的几千年中，科孚岛曾受到不同的XE的影响，为不同的沉积档案和持久的文化传统提供了理想的前提。