Geoarchaeological investigations of harbours of the 12th and 13th cent. along the Hever Estuary (North Frisia) starting at the trading settlement of Rungholt - RUNGHOLT -

对 12 世纪和 13 世纪港口的地质考古调查。

• 批准号: 275401547
• 负责人: Dr. Hanna Hadler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Geographisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/275401547?language=en
• 关键词: Geoarchaeological; investigations; harbours; 12th; 13th; Geoarchaeological; investigations; harbours; 12th; 13th

The coasts of North Frisia which, during High and Late Middle Ages, were subject to both land reclamation measures and several catastrophic storm surges, represent a highly dynamic natural and cultural landscape (UNESCO World Natural Heritage since 2009). Especially for the 12th and 13th cent., when the coastline lay further west than today, only little knowledge exists on coastal palaeogeographies on the one hand and on the localization and structure of harbours on the other. Although there is some historic, cartographic and archaeological evidence regarding harbour sites, detailed geoarchaeological data on their position and how they were embedded in the palaeoenvironment are still missing until this day. This is mostly because large parts of the former marshland got lost within the course of storm surges, especially during the 1st Grote Mandränke in 1362, and because working in tidal flat areas is complicated. The main objectives of the RUNGHOLT project thus are to localize, reconstruct and evaluate harbour sites of the 12th and 13th cent. in the wadden zone along the Hever Estuary near Husum which has to be regarded as transport and development axis. We plan to carry out studies in three areas. The high-medieval marshland around Rungholt (Hallig Südfall) and the Trendermarsch (Nordstrand), located in todays wadden sea due to storm-related ingressions, as well as the marshland around the Mildeburg (Rantrum), which has not undergone substantial changes since the High Middle Ages, allow reconstructing palaeoenvironmental changes, for instance caused by sea level fluctuations and flood events. Together with complex man-environment interactions, the effects of these changes on the spatio-temporal structure of settlements and harbours can be exemplarily documented along a west-east transect within the context of land reclamation measures and considering tidal differences. Within the RUNGHOLT project, this is the first time that systematic geoarchaeological studies by means of vibracoring, borehole geophysics and geophysical surveys are planned to be realized in tidal flats. The methodological focus lies on multi proxy analyses of sediments for example by magnetic susceptibility measurements, geochemical analyses of (earth) alkaline and heavy metals, the determination of isotope concentrations and microfossil analyses. Dendrochronologic studies, radiocarbon dating and relative age estimation using amino acid racemization will yield geochronostratigraphic information. The RUNGHOLT project is based on an interdisciplinary co-operation between the universities of Mainz and Kiel integrating the Geophysical Central Project of PP 1630. Principal investigators (PIs) have longtime experience in historic-geographical and geoarchaeological research on coasts and harbours. The RUNGHOLT project was harmonized with the North Sea project of PIs Jöns and Segschneider on trading terps and Geest fringe fortifications to achieve maximum synergies.

北弗里西亚的海岸在中世纪高和晚期都受到陆地填海措施和几次灾难性风暴潮的约束，代表了一种高度动态的自然和文化景观（自2009年以来，联合国教科文组织世界自然遗产）。尤其是对于第12和13美分，当海岸线延伸到今天时，一方面和本地化只有几乎没有关于沿海古地理学的知识，尽管还有一些有关港口遗址的历史，制图和考古证据，但有关其位置的详细地理结构数据，以及它们如何嵌入在这一天之前，他们的位置以及如何嵌入到了古环境中。这主要是因为前沼泽地的大部分地区在暴风雨潮中迷失了，尤其是在1362年的第一个GroteMandränke期间，并且在潮汐平坦的地区工作很复杂。因此，Rungholt项目的主要目标是本地化，重建和评估12th和13 Cent的港口地点。在沿着Husum附近的Hever河口的Wadden区，必须被视为运输和开发轴。我们计划在三个领域进行研究。 Rungholt（HalligSüdfall）和Trendermarsch（Nordstrand）周围的高中沼泽地（Nordstrand），由于与风暴相关的入口以及米利德堡（Mildeburg）周围的沼泽地（rantrum）而在瓦德登海（Wadden Sea），这并没有破坏自来水的实例，从而允许在较高的中间发生范围内的泛滥范围，因此，泛滥的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围内的范围。加上复杂的人环境相互作用，这些变化对环境和港口的时空结构的影响可以在西方横断面沿着土地接收测量的背景下进行示例性记录，并考虑潮汐差异。在Rungholt项目中，这是第一次通过振动，钻孔地球物理学和地球物理调查进行系统的地理考古学研究。方法的重点在于沉积物对沉积物的多代理分析，例如通过磁敏感性测量，（地球）酒精和重金属的地球化学分析，同位素浓度的测定以及微化石分析。使用氨基酸种族化的树突年代学研究，放射性碳年代和相对年龄估计将产生地球地层学信息。 Rungholt项目基于Mainz大学和Kiel大学之间的跨学科合作，整合了第1630页的地球物理中心项目。首席研究人员（PIS）在历史地理和地理学研究方面具有长期经验，这些经验是关于肋骨和港口的。 Rungholt项目与PisJöns的北海项目和Segschneider进行了协调，该项目在交易Terps和Geest Fringe Forde Fortification上，以实现最大的协同作用。