CERAMEGYPT - Pottery production and consumption in Ptolemaic-Roman Egypt

CERAMEGYPT - 托勒密-罗马埃及的陶器生产和消费

• 批准号: 264442827
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Heinzelmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Archäologisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/264442827?language=en
• 关键词: CERAMEGYPT; Pottery; production; consumption; Ptolemaic

Pottery is traditionally one of the main fossil guides in archaeological research. Recently, however, it has been experiencing increasing attention. The reason for this is to be found especially in the multiplicity of domains in which ceramic finds can make a contribution: alongside its central function as the basis for dating excavation contexts and its many possibilities of contributing to socio-cultural investigations (e.g. in everyday life), its great potential as the material basis for posing questions in economic history has come to the fore in recent years. The current state of research for the Hellenistic and Roman period is, however, very heterogeneous. While for many regions of the Graeco-Roman world detailed and fixed chronotypologies have been developed and investigations on questions of economic history exist for some, research on Ptolemaic-Roman Egypt is largely at the beginning. On numerous excavations detailed documentation is carried out, but the interregional exchange of data is lacking so far, as are a unified terminology and chronotypology. The lack of archaeometric analyses of provenience of the pottery produced in Egypt itself is especially felt. It is precisely on these bases that reliable investigations of the production, distribution and consumption of pottery in Egypt can be carried out. The project proposed here is designed to confront this deficit, with three research axes. In Axis A ancient pottery production centers in Egypt are to be visited in cooperation with numerous external partners and local productions to be documented according to unified standards and investigated archaeometrically. In Research Axis B a manual of Ptolemaic and Roman pottery in Egypt will be developed according to certain criteria. In Axis C statistical analyses are to be carried out on the basis of selected contexts in certain chronological horizons in order to follow general questions of economic history. The project proposed can build upon extensive preparatory work and infrastructural measures that were created in the framework of the ANR-DFG project Ceramalex (2011-mid 2014). Starting from the excavation sites in Alexandria, Schedia and Marea of those proposing the project, it was possible through intensive teamwork to standardize the previously very heterogeneous approaches to the analysis of pottery (e.g. terminology, typology). Furthermore, a well supplied ceramic laboratory was built up at the French partner in Alexandria, which allows petrographical analyses on the one hand and on the other disposes of the only instrument currently available in Egypt for archaeometrical analyses in the form of a portable X-ray fluorescence analyser. Finally, it was possible to develop a complex database, in which a large part of the pottery found at Alexandria and Schedia has been entered. On this basis, the German-French project would now like to make an internationally effective contribution to the investigation of pottery in Egypt.

陶器传统上是考古研究中主要的化石指南之一。然而最近，它受到越来越多的关注。其原因尤其是在陶瓷发现可以做出贡献的多个领域中找到：除了其作为确定发掘背景的基础的核心功能及其对社会文化调查做出贡献的许多可能性之外（例如在日常生活中） ），其作为提出经济史问题的物质基础的巨大潜力近年来已凸显出来。然而，目前对希腊化和罗马时期的研究状况非常不同。虽然对于希腊罗马世界的许多地区来说，已经制定了详细且固定的年代学，并且对某些地区的经济史问题进行了调查，但对托勒密罗马埃及的研究基本上还处于起步阶段。对大量的发掘进行了详细的记录，但迄今为止缺乏区域间的数据交换，也缺乏统一的术语和年代学。人们尤其感到缺乏对埃及本身生产的陶器出处的考古学分析。正是在这些基础上，才能对埃及陶器的生产、分配和消费进行可靠的调查。这里提出的项目旨在通过三个研究轴来解决这一缺陷。在A轴，埃及古代陶器生产中心将与众多外部合作伙伴和当地产品合作参观，根据统一标准进行记录并进行考古调查。在研究轴 B 中，将根据一定的标准制定埃及托勒密和罗马陶器的手册。在C轴中，统计分析将在某些时间范围内的选定背景的基础上进行，以便跟踪经济史的一般问题。拟议的项目可以建立在 ANR-DFG 项目 Ceramalex（2011 年至 2014 年中）框架内创建的广泛准备工作和基础设施措施的基础上。从提议该项目的人在亚历山大、谢迪亚和马雷亚的发掘地点开始，通过密集的团队合作，可以将以前非常异构的陶器分析方法（例如术语、类型学）标准化。此外，法国合作伙伴在亚历山大建立了一个供应充足的陶瓷实验室，一方面可以进行岩相分析，另一方面可以使用埃及目前唯一用于考古分析的便携式 X 射线仪器。荧光分析仪。最后，开发一个复杂的数据库成为可能，其中输入了在亚历山大和谢迪亚发现的大部分陶器。在此基础上，德法项目现在希望为埃及陶器的调查做出国际有效的贡献。