Synthesis of plant carbohydrates and their biological application

植物碳水化合物的合成及其生物应用

• 批准号: 264266409
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Fabian Pfrengle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department für Chemie (DCH)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Independent Junior Research Groups
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/264266409?language=en
• 关键词: Synthesis; plant; carbohydrates; their; biological

For more than a century the primary carbon source for the production of fuels, chemicals and many materials has been fossil resources. Recently, plant polysaccharides from non-food biomass have emerged as a promising renewable alternative that may displace a significant fraction of petroleum-derived products. However, the molecular structures, functions and biosyntheses of plant polysaccharides must be understood in greater detail to further enhance the economic value of plant biomass. With my Emmy Noether research group we chemically synthesize plant glycans as defined molecular tools for cell wall biology. We successfully established the automated solid-phase synthesis of different classes of cell wall glycans and obtained a collection of more than 65 synthetic oligosaccharides. These glycans proved very useful for the characterization of cell wall glycan-directed antibodies and cell wall-degrading and -modifying enzymes. We also chemo-enzymatically prepared artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides that have, unlike their natural counterparts, a fully regular substitution pattern. In the next funding period we will continue our efforts towards procuring a library of synthetic cell wall oligosaccharides by synthesizing complex pectic oligosaccharides. Pectin is the most complex polysaccharide in nature containing a large number of rare monosaccharides and unusual glycosidic linkages. Furthermore, we will expand our successful research program towards the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides to cellulose, xylan, and galactan polysaccharides that are decorated with well-defined patterns of unnatural substituents. These polysaccharides will be explored for structure-property relationship studies that cannot be performed with heterogeneous natural samples.

一个多世纪以来，生产燃料，化学物质和许多材料的主要碳源一直是化石资源。最近，来自非食品生物量的植物多糖已成为一种有希望的可再生替代品，可以取代大量石油衍生的产品。但是，必须更详细地了解植物多糖的分子结构，功能和生物合成，以进一步增强植物生物量的经济价值。在我的艾美奖研究小组中，我们将植物聚糖化学化为细胞壁生物学的分子工具。我们成功地建立了不同类别的细胞壁聚糖的自动固相合成，并获得了超过65种合成寡糖的集合。这些聚糖被证明对表征细胞壁聚糖定向抗体以及细胞壁降解和 - 修饰酶非常有用。我们还制定了化学酶制剂的人工阿拉伯素多糖，这些多糖与天然的同行不同，是一种完全规则的替代模式。在下一个资金期间，我们将继续努力通过合成复杂的果胶寡糖来购买合成细胞壁寡糖库。果胶是自然界中最复杂的多糖，含有大量稀有的单糖和异常的糖苷键。此外，我们将将成功的研究计划扩展到将人造阿拉伯素多糖与纤维素，木兰和半乳糖多糖的化学酶合成，这些多糖装饰有明确定义的非天然取代基。这些多糖将用于无法用异质天然样品进行的结构质质关系研究。