Collaborative Research: US GEOTRACES GP-17-OCE: Molecular speciation of trace element-ligand complexes in the South Pacific Ocean

合作研究：US GEOTRACES GP-17-OCE：南太平洋微量元素-配体复合物的分子形态

• 批准号: 2422713
• 负责人: Rene Boiteau
• 金额: $ 13.37万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2422713&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; US; GEOTRACES; GP

All microscopic life in the ocean requires iron to grow and to thrive. This iron is supplied by dust that is carried from land out across the ocean by strong winds, or by volcanic activity deep within the ocean. However, large areas of the ocean are very remote from both land and deep-sea volcanic activity, and the amount of iron that reaches these areas is quite small. In these regions microscopic life is often limited by the very low concentrations of iron that characterize this environment. To use iron, microbes must first extract it from seawater. To do this, some microbes have the ability to manufacture unique organic compounds called siderophores that are specifically designed to capture iron from seawater and transport it into the cell. The presence of siderophores in seawater acts as a signal to know where in the ocean iron may be limiting microbial productivity.US GEOTRACES program is a cooperative, multi-investigator effort to make high quality, high-resolution measurements of metal concentrations across representative sections of major ocean basins. GEOTRACES data will serve as a benchmark against which future measurements, made as the ocean responds to climate change, can be referenced. Most biologically important metals in the ocean are bound to organic compounds such as siderophores, and the goals of our project are to identity and measure these metal-organic complexes at the molecular level on a section across the South Pacific and Southern Oceans between Tahiti and Antarctica. The section will consist of ~ 30 evenly spaced sites where samples of seawater will be collected from the surface to the bottom of the ocean. Trace-metal organic complexes will be extracted from these samples and analyzed in the laboratory for iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, zinc, manganese, and iodine containing complexes. The molecular identities, concentrations and water column distributions of these complexes will be determined and used to assess how microbes acquire and use trace metals and other nutrients. In parallel, select samples will also be collected and analyzed for microbial genomes to provide information on which classes of microbes manufacture and use siderophores to acquire iron. Data will be archived in national and international databases. The project activities will help train the next generation of marine scientists and inform the public about how science can inform us about the ocean.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋中的所有微观生命都需要铁才能生长和繁荣。 这种铁是由强风或海洋深处的火山活动从陆地带出海洋的灰尘提供的。 然而，海洋的大片区域距离陆地和深海火山活动都非常遥远，到达这些区域的铁量也非常少。 在这些地区，微观生命常常受到该环境中铁浓度极低的限制。 要使用铁，微生物必须首先从海水中提取铁。 为此，一些微生物能够制造称为铁载体的独特有机化合物，这些化合物专门用于从海水中捕获铁并将其运输到细胞中。 海水中铁载体的存在可以作为一个信号，了解海洋中铁的哪些位置可能限制微生物的生产力。美国 GEOTRACES 计划是一项多位研究人员合作的项目，旨在对海洋代表性部分的金属浓度进行高质量、高分辨率的测量。主要洋盆。 GEOTRACES 数据将作为未来海洋应对气候变化时进行的测量的参考基准。 海洋中大多数具有生物重要性的金属都与铁载体等有机化合物结合，我们项目的目标是在塔希提岛和南极洲之间横跨南太平洋和南大洋的部分区域上在分子水平上识别和测量这些金属有机复合物。 该部分将由约 30 个均匀分布的地点组成，将从海面到海底收集海水样本。 将从这些样品中提取痕量金属有机络合物，并在实验室中分析含铁、铜、钴、镍、锌、锰和碘的络合物。 这些复合物的分子特性、浓度和水柱分布将被确定并用于评估微生物如何获取和使用痕量金属和其他营养物质。 与此同时，还将收集选定的样本并进行微生物基因组分析，以提供有关哪些类别的微生物制造和使用铁载体来获取铁的信息。 数据将存档在国家和国际数据库中。 该项目活动将帮助培训下一代海洋科学家，并让公众了解科学如何让我们了解海洋。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持标准。