NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Role of the Overturning Circulation in Carbon Accumulation (ROCCA)

NSFGEO-NERC：合作研究：翻转环流在碳积累中的作用（ROCCA）

• 批准号: 2400434
• 负责人: Yao Fu
• 金额: $ 4.26万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-02-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2400434&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; Collaborative; Research; Role

The North Atlantic Ocean plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, and it absorbs a disproportionately high amount of human carbon dioxide emissions. These points are thought to be closely related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), but the balance of contributions to North Atlantic carbon accumulation from air-sea fluxes and ocean transports is not well constrained. There is significant uncertainty about what the future holds, both for AMOC strength and carbon uptake as they respond to the effects of climate change and other changing forcings. This project will utilize long-term and ongoing observations across the North Atlantic basin to quantify carbon uptake and carbon transport and the variability in these parameters on the time scale of decades. This work will support a variety of efforts to educate and promote underrepresented groups in ocean science. The project investigators will partner with a variety of institutions in Georgia, Florida and in the Caribbean to educate students at a range of levels. They will promote a carbon cycle education website that includes interactive K-12 education materials. This is a project jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate for Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award recommendation, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget that supports scientists at institutions in their respective countries.The ROCCA project aims to redefine our understanding of the North Atlantic carbon system, one of the world’s most important regions for carbon sequestration on climatically-important timescales. The team will use new estimates of anthropogenic carbon transports across both subtropical and subpolar domains to determine the contributions of air-sea fluxes and ocean circulation to regional carbon accumulation, a fundamental knowledge gap. This analysis will enable evaluation of their combined effects on future carbon uptake as overturning strength is projected to weaken. New observations in Florida Straits will fully characterize the chemical variability in water mass structure on seasonal timescales for the first time, and in combination with air-sea anthropogenic CO2 fluxes derived from transport-divergence/accumulation budgets, the team will validate existing numerical simulations and improve the representation of carbon cycle processes in the next generation of climate models. The specific research objectives are to 1. Calculate anthropogenic carbon transports across the RAPID array at 26°N (2004 to 2024) and the subpolar OSNAP section (2014-2024), including sensitivity to AMOC changes; 2. Produce time-series of changing anthropogenic carbon inventory in the North Atlantic; 3. Air-sea anthropogenic carbon flux timeseries from accumulation (O1) and transport divergence (O2); 4. Constrain projections of future change and identify anthropogenic carbon transport / AMOC metrics; and 5. Assess the uncertainty of components of the observational approach, applying them to high-resolution model outputs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北大西洋在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用，它吸收了不成比例的大量人类二氧化碳排放，这些点被认为与大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）密切相关，但贡献的平衡。北大西洋海空通量和海洋运输的碳积累并没有得到很好的限制，无论是 AMOC 的强度还是碳吸收，因为它们对气候变化和其他变化强迫的影响做出了反应。该项目将利用整个北大西洋盆地的长期持续观测来量化碳吸收和碳传输以及这些参数在数十年时间范围内的变化。这项工作将支持各种努力，以教育和促进海洋中代表性不足的群体。该项目的研究人员将与佐治亚州、佛罗里达州和加勒比海地区的多个机构合作，对不同级别的学生进行教育。他们将推广一个碳循环教育网站，其中包括交互式 K-12 教育材料。由美国国家科学基金会理事会共同资助地球科学 (NSF/GEO) 和英国国家环境研究委员会 (NERC) 通过 NSF/GEO-NERC 牵头机构协议，允许提交一份美国/英国联合提案并进行同行评审。在成功联合确定一项奖励建议后，每个机构都会资助各自国家机构科学家的预算比例。ROCCA 项目旨在重新定义我们对奖励建议的理解。北大西洋碳系统之一该团队将利用对亚热带和副极地地区人为碳迁移的新估计来确定海气通量和海洋环流对区域碳积累的贡献，这是一项基础知识。随着预计倾覆强度减弱，该分析将能够评估它们对未来碳吸收的综合影响。佛罗里达海峡的新观测将首次全面描述季节性时间尺度上水团结构的化学变化。时间，并结合来自运输分歧/累积预算的海气人为二氧化碳通量，该团队将验证现有的数值模拟并改进下一代气候模型中碳循环过程的表示。 1. 计算26°N（2004年至2024年）和亚极地OSNAP部分（2014-2024年）跨RAPID阵列的人为碳传输，包括灵敏度AMOC 变化； 2. 生成北大西洋人为碳库存变化的时间序列； 3. 根据累积 (O1) 和传输分歧 (O2) 计算的海空人为碳通量时间序列； 4. 限制对未来变化的预测并确定5. 评估观测方法组成部分的不确定性，将其应用于高分辨率模型输出。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被认为值得支持通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。