ERI: Effects of urban water infrastructure and proximate soil profiles on coupled surface-subsurface hydrology

ERI：城市供水基础设施和邻近土壤剖面对地表-地下耦合水文的影响

• 批准号: 2347541
• 负责人: Kun Zhang
• 金额: $ 19.98万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota Duluth
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-03-15 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2347541&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ERI; Effects; urban; water; infrastructure

Urban flooding and water quality issues are putting pressure on urban water infrastructure. In the next two decades, hundreds of billions of dollars will be invested in the repair and enhancement of wastewater, stormwater, and combined sewer systems to address challenges arising from urbanization and climate change in the United States. This infrastructure is “leaky” and, therefore, interacts with the surrounding soils and the water cycle. However, the associated hydrologic processes, i.e., subsurface flows of drinking water, stormwater, and groundwater, are often overlooked or insufficiently characterized in urban watershed studies. Do leaky sanitary and storm sewers recharge or discharge water from the watershed? How will a shift from gray to green stormwater infrastructure impact stormwater retention in watersheds with leaky sewers underneath? Addressing the lack of fundamental scientific knowledge on how urban water infrastructure affects surface-subsurface hydrologic processes is imperative to making effective and resilient water infrastructure investments. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effect of urban soil profiles and water distribution and collection infrastructure on urban water balances, improve urban hydrologic models to better quantify the costs and benefits of infrastructure rehabilitation, and ultimately contribute to the goal of developing resilient and reliable urban water systems. The project will provide an efficient modeling tool to the urban drainage and hydrology community, enhance industry-research collaboration in drainage and water resources in the Midwest, and develop an “Urban Hydrology and Stormwater Management” curriculum that is available to undergraduate and graduate students across the University of Minnesota campuses.The sustainability and resilience of urban water systems is limited by poor understanding of subsurface hydrologic processes that control flood generation and how they are impacted by urban soil profiles and water distribution and collection infrastructure. These subsurface flows of drinking water, stormwater, wastewater, and groundwater are less characterized in most hydrologic studies and urban hydrologic models. Therefore, there is an urgent need to quantify subsurface hydrologic processes and their interaction with surface infiltration-runoff partitioning in urban watersheds. This project will quantify the effects of urban soil profiles and water distribution and collection infrastructure on event-scale runoff generation and longterm water balances. This will be achieved by integrating soil profile surveys with hydrologic model simulations. First, this work will characterize the soil profiles near water distribution and collection system pipes through soil core sampling and hydraulic profiling. Then, this work will develop a surface-subsurface hydrologic model parameterization that can represent infiltration and exfiltration fluxes between water infrastructure and the unsaturated/saturated zones. Lastly, this work will evaluate the relative effects of soil profiles and sewer pipe conditions and layouts on flood response and long-term water balances through hypothetical simulations at lot and catchment scales. This study focuses on urban watersheds in Milwaukee, WI, while the approach and results are applicable across other urban watersheds in the United States.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

城市洪水和水质问题给城市供水基础设施带来压力，未来二十年将投资数千亿美元用于修复和增强废水、雨水和合流下水道系统，以应对城市化和气候带来的挑战。这种基础设施是“渗漏的”，因此与周围的土壤和水循环相互作用。然而，相关的水文过程，即饮用水、雨水和地下水的地下流动，经常被忽视或忽视。特征不充分在城市流域研究中，渗漏的卫生和雨水下水道是否会从流域补给或排放水？从灰色到绿色的雨水基础设施的转变将如何影响下面有渗漏下水道的流域的雨水滞留？基础设施影响地表-地下水文过程对于进行有效和有弹性的水基础设施投资至关重要。这项工作的目的是评估城市土壤剖面和水分配和收集基础设施对城市水平衡的影响，改进城市水文模型以更好地量化。这该项目将为城市排水和水文界提供有效的建模工具，加强排水和水资源方面的行业研究合作。中西部地区，并开发了“城市水文和雨水管理”课程，供明尼苏达大学各校区的本科生和研究生使用。城市水系统的可持续性和恢复力受到对控制洪水产生和控制的地下水文过程了解不足的限制。它们如何受到城市土壤剖面的影响以及在大多数水文研究和城市水文模型中，这些饮用水、雨水、废水和地下水的地下流动很少被描述，因此，迫切需要量化地下水文过程及其与地表渗透的相互作用。该项目将量化城市土壤剖面以及水分配和收集基础设施对事件规模径流生成和长期水平衡的影响。这将通过将土壤剖面调查与水文模型模拟相结合来实现。首先，这项工作将通过土芯取样和水力剖面来表征配水和收集系统管道附近的土壤剖面，然后，这项工作将开发一个地表-地下水文模型参数化，该模型可以代表水基础设施和非饱和水之间的渗透和渗漏通量。最后，这项工作将通过地块和流域规模的假设模拟来评估土壤剖面和污水管道条件和布局对洪水响应和长期水平衡的影响。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。