CAREER: A multimethod approach to rethinking the dynamics of inhibitory control under stress

职业生涯：重新思考压力下抑制控制动态的多种方法

• 批准号: 2338789
• 负责人: Grant Shields
• 金额: $ 45.38万
• 依托单位: University of Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-05-15 至 2029-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2338789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; multimethod; approach; rethinking; dynamics

The ability to voluntarily stop ourselves from doing or thinking about certain things, referred to as “inhibitory control”, is important for navigating our lives, especially within stressful situations. Indeed, many interventions aimed at improving people’s functioning and/or quality of life, ranging from psychological therapy to military training, attempt to improve this ability. However, our understanding of the effects of stress on inhibitory control is relatively limited. This project characterizes how stressful situations influence the cognitive mechanisms and processes underlying inhibitory control. The results of this project thus have the potential to identify mechanisms that could be targeted by relevant interventions to improve their effectiveness. In addition, the data collected in this project will be used to develop a publicly available novel course, as well as workshops, to disseminate both the knowledge of the project’s results and the technical skills needed to use the project’s methods. The dissemination of these results and technical skills is likely to contribute to long-term societal benefits, such as improved mental health and productivity. Although a number of studies have examined the effects of stress on inhibitory control, current theory and important findings from each area’s primary literature have not been considered in the work combining the two. As a result, conflicting results abound in work on stress and inhibitory control, and some findings are difficult to reconcile with current theories of inhibition under stress. Using experimentally manipulated acute stress, computational cognitive modeling, and both standard and mouse-tracking cognitive tasks, the studies in this project develops a new theory of how stress influences inhibitory control. Analytic methods include not only standard behavioral analysis, but also salivary hormone assays, cognitive model parameter estimation, and analysis of nuanced mouse-tracking dynamics unfolding over time. The goal is to advance our understanding of how contextual factors, such as stress, influence inhibitory control, which contributes to both basic science and may guide the development of interventions to improve inhibitory control. This project is jointly funded by Perception, Action and Cognition and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自愿阻止自己做或思考某些事情的能力（称为“抑制控制”）对于我们的生活非常重要，尤其是在有压力的情况下。事实上，许多干预措施旨在改善人们的功能和/或生活质量。从心理治疗到军事训练，我们都试图提高这种能力。然而，我们对压力对抑制控制的影响的理解相对有限。该项目描述了压力情况如何影响抑制控制的认知机制和过程。因此项目有潜力确定此外，该项目收集的数据将用于开发公开的新颖课程和研讨会，以传播项目成果的知识和技术。使用该项目方法所需的技能。这些成果和技术技能的传播可能有助于长期的社会效益，例如改善心理健康和生产力。当前的理论和每个的重要发现在将两者结合起来的工作中，尚未考虑该领域的主要文献，因此，在压力和抑制控制方面的工作中存在大量相互矛盾的结果，并且一些发现很难与当前的压力下抑制理论相一致。计算认知模型，以及标准和小鼠跟踪认知任务，该项目的研究开发了一种关于压力如何影响抑制控制的新理论。分析方法不仅包括标准行为分析，还包括唾液激素测定、认知模型参数估计、和分析随着时间的推移，细致入微的小鼠追踪动态逐渐展开，目的是加深我们对应激等环境因素如何影响抑制控制的理解，这既有助于基础科学，也可以指导改善抑制控制的干预措施的发展。由感知、行动和认知以及刺激竞争研究既定计划 (EPSCoR) 共同资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持标准。