Collaborative Research: LTREB Renewal - River ecosystem responses to floodplain restoration

合作研究：LTREB 更新 - 河流生态系统对洪泛区恢复的响应

• 批准号: 2324878
• 负责人: Robert Payn
• 金额: $ 7.25万
• 依托单位: Montana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2028-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2324878&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; LTREB; Renewal; River

Floodplains are the areas alongside rivers that are affected by water movement. Floodplains provide many important benefits to people, yet they are also susceptible to changes such as flooding, pollution, and other disturbances. Understanding the effects of long-term changes in river ecosystems affected by metal pollution is extremely important. This project studies changes over ten years in the Upper Clark Fork River in Montana following a large project that restored vegetation and removed contaminated soil after damage from extensive mining in the river’s headwaters. Changes in land use and wastewater treatment are also altering nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations along the river. Since 2013, nearly 17 km of river has been restored and three core data sets have been collected, which were initiated decades before the restoration. The long-term measurements and the spatial scale of the study provides an opportunity to observe the ecological processes involved in restoration practices. Several undergraduate and graduate students are educated as part of this project, data are made available to the public, and results are shared with many stakeholders in this river system through the Clark Fork Science Forum.The study system of the Upper Clark Fork River in Montana, has several unique qualities that enable this project to make significant scientific advances. First, the system has received high inputs of metals that have since ceased. This enables investigation of the ecosystem dynamics over time in response to this cessation. Second, the investigators have closely observed ecological and biogeochemical responses over decadal timescales, which is the appropriate timeframe to study the types of slow processes involved in river ecosystem recovery. The project generates core data sets including: 1) influences on organic matter and sediment metals, 2) changes in upstream-downstream gradients in sediment metals, 3) metabolic responses to floodplain reconnection in restored reaches during the spring flood pulse vs. summer baseflow, 4) changes in metal bioavailability caused by interaction with dissolved organic matter, and 5) measurements of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved organic carbon in restored and unrestored parts of the river. Ultimately, this project investigates river ecosystem responses over large spatial (200 km) and temporal ( decadal) scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

洪泛区是受水流影响的河流沿岸区域。洪泛区为人们提供了许多重要的好处，但它们也容易受到洪水、污染和其他干扰等变化的影响。了解受影响的河流生态系统的长期变化的影响。该项目研究了蒙大拿州克拉克福克河上游十年来的变化，该项目恢复了植被并清除了河流源头大规模采矿造成的污染土壤的变化。自 2013 年以来，近 17 公里的河流已得到恢复，并收集了三个核心数据集，这些数据集是在恢复前数十年开始的长期测量和空间尺度。该研究提供了一个观察恢复实践中涉及的生态过程的机会，作为该项目的一部分，对一些本科生和研究生进行了教育，向公众提供了数据，并通过克拉克与该河流系统的许多利益相关者分享了结果。 Fork Science Forum.的学习体系蒙大拿州的克拉克福克河上游具有几个独特的品质，使该项目能够取得重大的科学进展。首先，该系统接收到的大量金属输入已停止，这使得能够对生态系统动态进行调查以应对这一情况。其次，研究人员密切观察了十年时间尺度的生态和生物地球化学反应，这是研究河流生态系统恢复所涉及的缓慢过程类型的适当时间范围，包括：1）对有机质和生物地球化学的影响。沉淀金属，2) 沉积物金属上下游梯度的变化，3) 春季洪水脉冲与夏季基流期间恢复河段对洪泛区重新连接的代谢反应，4) 与溶解有机物相互作用引起的金属生物有效性的变化，以及 5 ）测量河流恢复和未恢复部分的氮、磷和溶解有机碳最终，该项目调查了大空间（200公里）和时间（十年）的河流生态系统响应。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。