Collaborative Research: EAR Climate: Earth-System Responses to the Penultimate Icehouse-Greenhouse Transition

合作研究：EAR 气候：地球系统对倒数第二个冰室-温室转变的反应

• 批准号: 2317600
• 负责人: Emma Rasbury
• 金额: $ 4.79万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2028-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2317600&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAR; Climate; Earth

About 300 million years ago, large glaciers and ice sheets at high latitudes waxed and waned as Earth’s climate alternated between glacial and interglacial states, continuing a pattern that had persisted for several millions of years. Shortly thereafter, however, the glaciers collapsed entirely, and the Earth system lurched beyond an ice-free state into an increasingly severe “hothouse” climate, powered in large part by a massive and sustained release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, ultimately culminating in the largest extinction of life known in Earth history. This project will examine a complete record of this dramatic transition by recovering and studying a 2000 m-long rock core from what was, at that time, the equatorial region of the planet, which is now the US midcontinent (Oklahoma). The principal goal is to uncover the driving forces for these extreme environmental changes, shedding light on the fundamental workings of the Earth system (geosphere-atmosphere-biosphere connections) during an interval of unprecedented upheaval. This project involves many students and early-career researchers across twelve US research institutions, in addition to international collaborators, and additionally will engage Native American youth, educators, scientists, artists and poets in Oklahoma and beyond.This project seeks to elucidate paleoenvironments, biogeochemical cycling, and responses of the terrestrial biosphere to climate forcing during the Permian Period, a critical time in the evolution of Earth and life. A drill core will be taken in the Anadarko Basin (Oklahoma), which is a deep continental basin that preserves a globally unique and stratigraphically complete archive of the continental Permian in equatorial Pangaea. A well-preserved paralic-to-continental transition is overlain by a succession of red-bed, paleo-loess/dust, lacustrine, and evaporite deposits that collectively record the demise of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age and an intensifying greenhouse climate, culminating in the most severe mass extinction in Earth history. The project will establish a high-resolution chronostratigraphic framework by integrating U-Pb geochronology, astrochronology, magnetostratigraphy, and biostratigraphy. The resulting framework will serve as the scaffolding for subsequent research designed to test hypotheses focused on the interrelationships among climatic, orogenic, and biotic changes during an interval characterized by pronounced Earth-system upheavals. This research addresses major questions relevant to both Earth’s past and its future, as it will elucidate various mechanistic linkages, e.g. among atmospheric dust, climate, mountains, and the biosphere on an Earth experiencing a cold-to-hot climate transition. Owing to the known importance but great uncertainty of the role of dust in the Earth system, exploration of these links will measurably expand the knowledge of Earth system behavior across the Phanerozoic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大约三亿年前，随着地球气候在冰川期和间冰期状态之间交替，高纬度地区的大型冰川和冰盖不断消融，这种模式持续了数百万年，但此后不久，冰川完全崩塌，冰川也随之消失。地球系统突然脱离了无冰状态，进入了日益严峻的“温室”气候，这在很大程度上是由大量且持续的温室气体释放到大气中造成的，最终达到了顶峰该项目将通过恢复和研究当时地球赤道地区的 2000 米长的岩芯来检查这一戏剧性转变的完整记录。现在的主要目标是揭示这些极端环境变化的驱动力，揭示地球系统（地圈-大气-生物圈联系）在前所未有的时期的基本运作方式。该项目涉及 12 个美国研究机构以及国际研究机构的许多学生和早期职业研究人员，此外还将吸引俄克拉荷马州及其他地区的美国原住民青年、教育工作者、科学家、艺术家和诗人合作者。阐明二叠纪时期的古环境、生物地球化学循环以及陆地生物圈对气候强迫的响应，这是地球和生命进化的关键时期，将在阿纳达科盆地进行钻探。 （俄克拉荷马州），这是一个深部大陆盆地，在赤道盘古大陆上保存了全球独特且地层完整的大陆二叠纪档案，保存完好的陆陆过渡带被一系列红层古黄土覆盖。 /灰尘、湖泊和蒸发岩沉积物共同记录了晚古生代冰河时代的消亡和温室气候的加剧，最终导致最严重的大规模灾害该项目将通过整合 U-Pb 地质年代学、天文年代学、磁力地层学和生物地层学来建立一个高分辨率的年代地层框架，该框架将作为后续研究的框架，旨在检验气候之间相互关系的假设。这项研究解决了与地球过去和未来相关的重大问题。阐明各种机制联系，例如大气尘埃、气候、山脉和经历冷热气候转变的地球上的生物圈之间的联系，由于尘埃在地球系统中的作用已知但具有很大的不确定性，因此需要探索。这些联系将显着扩展显生宙地球系统行为的知识。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。