Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: International Technology Transfers: Adoption or Imitation

经济学博士论文研究：国际技术转让：采用或模仿

• 批准号: 2315548
• 负责人: Yongseok Shin
• 金额: $ 2.79万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2315548&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economics; International

Innovation and commercialization of technology are the sources of firms’ competitive advantage and countries’ economic growth. Hence, firms and countries compete and cooperate over frontier technologies through various channels. As geopolitical tension and inequality among countries rise, more research on such interactions in the global economy is needed. This research delves into the dynamics of international technology transfer, specifically focusing on its two major channels: technology imitation and technology adoption. Imitation is unauthorized replication of existing technologies without compensating the innovators, while adoption means legal acquisition of technologies through licensing agreements. These two distinct channels of international technology transfer not only coexist but also interact with each other, shaping the growth and development of countries, and consequently the global economy. This study utilizes unique data on imitation and adoption, and investigates the interplay between these two channels. The derived results will provide important policy implications. First, by documenting how different industries use different modes of technology transfer, the research can inform industrial policy, particularly on promoting innovations. Second, it will help both leader and follower countries better understand the relative costs and benefits of the two channels of technology transfer. Third, by shedding light on the global competition and cooperation in the market for technology, it will help devise more efficient and compatible institutions, including intellectual property (IP) systems. Such institutions can better satisfy various needs of countries and reduce tension between developed and developing countries.This project starts by constructing a unified endogenous growth model to theoretically explain the mechanisms and assess the impacts of technology adoption and imitation. This framework disentangles the economic forces at play and offers a nuanced understanding of how these dynamic decisions of firms and countries' policies shape their growth trajectories. Next, on the empirical side, the researchers will utilize two proprietary datasets on global patent litigations and patent licensing agreements at the patent- and firm-levels to offer a set of new facts to the field. By taking such direct measures with a granular approach, this research can enrich the understanding of technology transfer patterns across a broad set of developed and developing countries, a critical aspect in today’s highly globalized economy. Lastly, employing a quantitatively-oriented approach, the research will enable realistic assessment of various hypothetical policies, which provides guidance on the optimal industrial innovation subsidies and international agreements of IP protection.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

技术的创新和商业化是企业竞争优势和国家经济增长的源泉，因此，随着国家间地缘政治紧张和不平等的加剧，企业和国家通过各种渠道进行前沿技术的竞争和合作。这项研究需要深入研究国际技术转让的动态，特别关注其两个主要渠道：技术模仿和采用。技术模仿是在不补偿创新者的情况下未经授权复制现有技术，而采用则是通过合法方式获取技术。这两个不同的渠道。国际技术转让不仅共存，而且相互作用，影响着各国的增长和发展，因此本研究利用有关模仿和采用的独特数据，并研究这两种渠道之间的相互作用，将提供重要的信息。首先，通过记录不同行业如何使用不同的技术转让模式，该研究可以为产业政策提供信息，特别是在促进创新方面。其次，它将帮助领导者和追随者国家更好地了解两种渠道的相对成本和收益。第三，技术转让。通过揭示全球技术市场的竞争与合作，将有助于设计更高效、更兼容的制度，包括知识产权制度，这样的制度可以更好地满足各国的不同需求，缓解发达国家与发展中国家之间的紧张关系。该项目首先构建一个统一的内生增长模型，从理论上解释技术采用和模仿的机制并评估其影响。该框架理清了起作用的经济力量，并提供了对企业和国家政策的动态决策如何进行细致入微的理解。塑造他们的成长接下来，在实证方面，研究人员将利用专利和公司层面的全球专利诉讼和专利许可协议的两个专有数据集，通过采取此类直接措施，为该领域提供一系列新事实。通过精细的方法，这项研究可以丰富对广泛的发达国家和发展中国家的技术转让模式的理解，这是当今高度全球化经济的一个关键方面。最后，该研究采用定量方法，将能够对各种假设进行现实评估。政策，其中为最佳工业创新补贴和知识产权保护国际协议提供指导。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。