SHINE: The Evolution of Coronal Dimmings and Their Relationship to Eruptive Phenomena

闪耀：日冕变暗的演变及其与喷发现象的关系

• 批准号: 2400789
• 负责人: Larisza Krista
• 金额: $ 68.43万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2025
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2025-01-01 至 2027-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2400789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHINE; Evolution; Coronal; Dimmings; Their; SHINE; Evolution; Coronal; Dimmings; Their

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are colossal plasma bubbles in the interplanetary space that contain intense magnetic fields and superheated coronal particles. Understanding CME evolution is particularly important as they are major drivers of severe space weather. The low-corona segment of the CME structure is known as the coronal dimming: an area dominated by short-lived open magnetic field that grows and decays as the magnetic field is dragged out into interplanetary space. To understand CME evolution as a whole, one has to study the evolution of dimmings in conjunction with the CME morphology and its physical properties from the solar corona all the way to the Earth. This project will investigate the CME and dimming evolution through initial 50 events using solar observing satellites including Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO). The CME morphology and magnetic structure will also be investigated using the Potential Field Source Surface and Graduated Cylindrical Shell models. The CME properties will be identified in the solar wind data and linked to geomagnetic disturbance values on Earth. Another 150 dimmings will be added to the event catalog and related to CME solar wind properties and geomagnetic observations on Earth. The project will support a female scientist and NSF-sponsored REU students and NOAA-sponsored Hollings summer students will be responsible for data preparation and testing. The dimming event catalog will be made publicly available as part of the Big Earth Data Initiative project to improve rapid and long-term access to key data to support research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

冠状质量弹出（CMES）是星际空间中巨大的等离子体气泡，其中包含强烈的磁场和过热的冠状颗粒。了解CME的演化特别重要，因为它们是严重太空天气的主要驱动因素。 CME结构的低孔段被称为冠状斑点：一个以短寿命的开放磁场为主的区域，随着磁场被拖放到星际空间中，该区域会生长和腐烂。要了解整个CME的演变，必须研究调光的演变与CME形态及其物理特性，从太阳能电晕一直到地球。该项目将使用太阳能观测卫星（包括太阳动力学天文台（SDO）和太阳陆地关系天文台（Stereo））（立体声）（立体声），通过最初的50个事件来研究CME和调度演化。 CME形态和磁性结构也将使用潜在的磁场表面和渐变壳壳模型进行研究。 CME特性将在太阳风数据中识别，并与地球上的地磁干扰值相关。事件目录中将另外150个调光添加，并与地球上的CME太阳风质和地磁观测值有关。该项目将支持女科学家和NSF赞助的REU学生，NOAA赞助的Hollings夏季学生将负责数据准备和测试。作为Big Earth Data Initiative项目的一部分，将公开提供Dimming事件目录，以改善快速和长期访问关键数据以支持研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的审查标准通过评估来获得支持的。