Early Detection of Solar Flares Using High Sensitivity Extreme-UltraViolet (EUV) Data

使用高灵敏度极紫外 (EUV) 数据早期检测太阳耀斑

基本信息

批准号：
1931062
负责人：
Larisza Krista
金额：
$ 72.88万
依托单位：
University of Colorado at Boulder
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1931062&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Early Detection Solar Flares Using

项目摘要

The timely detection of solar flares is of primary importance to space weather forecasting efforts that are critical to national security, the economy, infrastructure services, remote sensing, space exploration, navigation, and timing services -- as stated in the National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan. Current flare detection methods have a built-in minimum 4-minute delay in their alert issuance due to the limitations of the methods and instruments used. However, a new flare detection method using high-sensitivity satellite data has been developed that improves flare detection time significantly. This new data and tool allows preventative measures to take place in a timely manner to protect societal and national interests. Furthermore, it has a significant potential to contribute to the current understanding of solar flare initiation processes -- a highly debated scientific subject.Currently, solar flare forecasting methods primarily rely on X-ray irradiance data without any visual imagery. The main goal of this three-year project is to take advantage of the new, high-sensitivity, real-time, low-latency data available from the GOES/Solar Ultraviolet Imager (SUVI) instrument in order to identify not only the time of the flare occurrence, but its location as well -- a property that can influence the magnitude of the corresponding space weather effects. Furthermore, the new tool is capable of giving over ten minutes of advance warning before detrimental space weather effects occur. The high-sensitivity extreme ultraviolet data available to us is uniquely suitable to identify early signs of a flare development using the novel, robust and fast flare detection tool to be utilized during this project. By analyzing the flare development process the algorithm could also gain insight into how early ultraviolet signatures are related to flare magnitudes. It also provides a brand new insight into the deeper physics of flares and the ways in which energy is released and plasma is heated during the evolution of energetic solar eruptions. Studying the temporal development of flares in different wavelengths allows us to better understand how the initiation happens and what different physical environments and processes lead to instabilities in flaring regions and how it relates to the magnitude of severe space weather disturbances. The research and EPO agenda of this project supports the Strategic Goals of the AGS Division in discovery, learning, diversity, and interdisciplinary research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

及时检测太阳耀斑对于太空天气预报的工作至关重要，这对国家安全，基础设施服务，遥感，太空勘探，导航和定时服务至关重要 - 如《国家太空天气战略和行动计划》中所述。由于使用的方法和仪器的局限性，当前的耀斑检测方法的警报发出最小内置了4分钟的延迟。但是，已经开发了一种使用高敏性卫星数据的新的耀斑检测方法，可显着改善耀斑检测时间。这种新的数据和工具允许及时采取预防措施，以保护社会和国家利益。此外，它具有有助于当前对太阳耀斑起始过程的理解的重要潜力 - 这是一个高度争议的科学主题。目前，太阳耀斑预测方法主要依赖于X射线辐照度数据，而没有任何视觉图像。这个为期三年项目的主要目标是利用从GOOS/太阳能紫外线图像器（SUVI）仪器提供的新型，高敏性，实时，低延迟数据，以便不仅要确定耀斑发生的时间，还可以确定其位置 - 一种可以影响相应空间天气影响的属性。此外，新工具能够在发生有害空间效果之前发出超过十分钟的预警。我们可获得的高敏性极端紫外线数据非常适合使用新型，健壮和快速的耀斑检测工具来识别耀斑发育的早期迹象。通过分析耀斑开发过程，算法还可以深入了解早期紫外线特征与耀斑幅度有关的方式。它还可以对耀斑的更深层次的物理以及能量释放的方式和血浆加热，并在能量太阳喷发的演变中加热。研究不同波长中耀斑的时间发育使我们能够更好地了解启动的发生方式，以及什么不同的物理环境和过程导致耀斑区域的不稳定性及其与严重的太空天气干扰的幅度之间的关系。该项目的研究和EPO议程支持了AGS部门在发现，学习，多样性和跨学科研究方面的战略目标。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估标准通过评估来获得支持。