SHINE: Study the Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections from the Sun to the Earth

SHINE：研究从太阳到地球的日冕物质抛射的演化

• 批准号: 1156120
• 负责人: Jie Zhang
• 金额: $ 33.87万
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1156120&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHINE; Study; Evolution; Coronal; Mass

The principal investigator (PI) will study the evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in interplanetary space between the Sun and the Earth, in order to refine predictions of their arrival times at Earth and of their potential geoeffectiveness. To achieve this goal, the PI will use a variety of measurements to fully track and characterize the kinematic and morphological evolution of CMEs, including remote sensing data and 'in situ' solar wind observations from spacecraft. Using a first-principles-based approach, the PI will also create appropriate theoretical flux rope models consistent with observational constraints, in order to fully understand the physical processes that govern a CME's evolution. Finally, the PI will develop an effective CME arrival time prediction model, based on comprehensive observations and improved characterization of a large number of CME events and a robust theoretical model. The PI recognizes that CMEs are a known driver of severe space weather events in the near-Earth space environment. Since CME disturbances in geospace can affect the safety of astronauts, as well as interfere with satellite operations for communication and navigation, this effort will have positive broader impacts for society by improving our predicative capabilities for CME evolution, arrival, and geoeffective impact at Earth. This project will also facilitate the integration of research and education, since most of the requested funding will be used to support a graduate student and a postdoctoral researcher. The PI has already developed two graduate courses in solar and heliospheric physics, and he educates students at George Mason University in the space weather sciences. The research results of this project will be further integrated into the PI's established curriculum, for the continued benefit of his students and for training the next generation of scientists in space weather research.

主要研究者（PI）将研究太阳与地球之间星际空间中冠状质量弹出（CME）的演变，以完善其对地球到达时间的预测及其潜在的地理位置。为了实现这一目标，PI将使用各种测量值来完全跟踪和表征CME的运动学和形态演化，包括遥感数据和“原位”太阳风观测值。使用基于第一原理的方法，PI还将创建与观察性约束一致的适当理论通量绳模型，以充分理解控制CME演变的物理过程。最后，PI将基于全面的观察结果和大量CME事件的表征和强大的理论模型，开发有效的CME到达时间预测模型。 PI认识到，CME是近地太空环境中严重太空天气事件的已知驱动因素。由于地理上的CME干扰会影响宇航员的安全性，并干扰卫星的沟通和航行操作，因此这项工作将通过提高我们对CME Evolution，Arrival和Geoefeffelative在地球上的谓词能力，对社会产生更广泛的影响。该项目还将促进研究和教育的整合，因为大多数要求的资金将用于支持研究生和博士后研究人员。 PI已经在太阳能和Heliospher物理学开发了两项研究生课程，他在太空天气科学的乔治·梅森大学教育学生。该项目的研究结果将进一步整合到PI的既定课程中，以使他的学生继续受益，并在太空天气研究中培训下一代科学家。