NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Role of the Overturning Circulation in Carbon Accumulation (ROCCA)

NSFGEO-NERC：合作研究：翻转环流在碳积累中的作用（ROCCA）

• 批准号: 2400434
• 负责人: Yao Fu
• 金额: $ 4.26万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-02-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2400434&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; Collaborative; Research; Role

The North Atlantic Ocean plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, and it absorbs a disproportionately high amount of human carbon dioxide emissions. These points are thought to be closely related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), but the balance of contributions to North Atlantic carbon accumulation from air-sea fluxes and ocean transports is not well constrained. There is significant uncertainty about what the future holds, both for AMOC strength and carbon uptake as they respond to the effects of climate change and other changing forcings. This project will utilize long-term and ongoing observations across the North Atlantic basin to quantify carbon uptake and carbon transport and the variability in these parameters on the time scale of decades. This work will support a variety of efforts to educate and promote underrepresented groups in ocean science. The project investigators will partner with a variety of institutions in Georgia, Florida and in the Caribbean to educate students at a range of levels. They will promote a carbon cycle education website that includes interactive K-12 education materials. This is a project jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate for Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award recommendation, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget that supports scientists at institutions in their respective countries.The ROCCA project aims to redefine our understanding of the North Atlantic carbon system, one of the world’s most important regions for carbon sequestration on climatically-important timescales. The team will use new estimates of anthropogenic carbon transports across both subtropical and subpolar domains to determine the contributions of air-sea fluxes and ocean circulation to regional carbon accumulation, a fundamental knowledge gap. This analysis will enable evaluation of their combined effects on future carbon uptake as overturning strength is projected to weaken. New observations in Florida Straits will fully characterize the chemical variability in water mass structure on seasonal timescales for the first time, and in combination with air-sea anthropogenic CO2 fluxes derived from transport-divergence/accumulation budgets, the team will validate existing numerical simulations and improve the representation of carbon cycle processes in the next generation of climate models. The specific research objectives are to 1. Calculate anthropogenic carbon transports across the RAPID array at 26°N (2004 to 2024) and the subpolar OSNAP section (2014-2024), including sensitivity to AMOC changes; 2. Produce time-series of changing anthropogenic carbon inventory in the North Atlantic; 3. Air-sea anthropogenic carbon flux timeseries from accumulation (O1) and transport divergence (O2); 4. Constrain projections of future change and identify anthropogenic carbon transport / AMOC metrics; and 5. Assess the uncertainty of components of the observational approach, applying them to high-resolution model outputs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北大西洋在全球碳循环中起着重要作用，它吸收了不成比例的人类二氧化碳排放量。这些点被认为与大西洋子午倾覆（AMOC）密切相关，但是对北大西洋碳累积的贡献平衡并没有很好地限制。对于AMOC的强度和碳吸收，当它们对气候变化和其他变化的强迫效应做出反应时，未来的未来存在很大的不确定性。该项目将利用整个北大西洋盆地的长期和持续观察结果来量化碳吸收和碳运输，以及在数十年的时间范围内这些参数的可变性。这项工作将支持各种教育和促进海洋科学中代表性不足的群体的努力。该项目的调查人员将与佐治亚州，佛罗里达州和加勒比海地区的各种机构合作，以各种层次的教育学生与教育学生合作。他们将宣传一个包括互动K-12教育材料在内的碳循环教育网站。这是一个由国家科学基金会地球科学局（NSF/GEO）和英国国家环境研究委员会（NERC）共同资助的项目，该项目通过NSF/GEO-GEO-NERC领先机构协议。协议允许该机构提交和同行评审的一项联合提案，其调查员的预算比例最大。在成功确定奖励建议后，每个机构都为支持各自国家机构的科学家的预算比例提供了资金。ROCCA项目旨在重新定义我们对北大西洋碳体系的理解，这是世界上最重要的碳固执之一。该团队将使用跨热带和亚极性结构域的人为碳转运的新估计值来确定空气通量和海洋循环对区域碳积累的贡献，这是一个基本的知识差距。该分析将使它们对未来碳吸收的综合影响能够评估，因为预计强度会减弱。佛罗里达州海峡的新观察结果将首次完全表征季节性时间表上水量结构的化学变异性，并结合来自运输差异/累积预算的空气人类人为CO2通量，该团队将验证现有的数字模拟并改善下一代气候模型的碳周期过程。具体的研究目标是1。计算跨26°N（2004至2024年）的快速阵列的人为碳转运和亚极性OSNAP部分（2014-2024），包括对AMOC变化的敏感性； 2。产生改变北大西洋人类碳量的时间序列； 3。来自积累（O1）和运输发散（O2）的空气人类碳通量时间林； 4。限制未来变化的投影并确定人为碳转运 / AMOC指标；和5。评估观察方法的组成部分的不确定性，将它们应用于高分辨率模型输出。本奖反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，通过评估被认为是宝贵的支持。