CAS-MNP: Degradation of Plastics in the Environment: Decoupling the Roles of Polymer Type, Material Attributes, and Chemical Additives

CAS-MNP：环境中塑料的降解：解耦聚合物类型、材料属性和化学添加剂的作用

• 批准号: 2304991
• 负责人: Weile Yan
• 金额: $ 41.87万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Lowell
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2304991&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAS; MNP; Degradation; Plastics; Environment

With support from the Environmental Chemical Sciences (ECS) Program of the Division of Chemistry, Weile Yan and Margaret SobkowiczKline from the University of Massachusetts Lowell will investigate the environmental degradation behavior of plastics. In particular, the causal links between polymer properties, additive formulations, and their degradation will be investigated. This project will apply interdisciplinary approaches to study the transformation of plastic pollutants in the environment. The project aims to enable assessment of the long-term fate of the existing plastic pollutants, and also to inform future plastics design and processing strategies to minimize environmental accumulation. The PIs will engage a diverse student body at the institution through dedicated scholar and training programs and integrated lab and field learning experiences. The project will also lead to a community service project to increase public awareness of the local and regional sources of plastic pollutants in the Merrimack River watershed and the adjoining coastal environment. Existing studies on microplastics have revealed the importance of plastics fragmentation in the natural environment. However, the effects of the properties of different plastic materials and their processing history, including the presence of common additives such as antioxidants and UV stabilizers, on plastic degradation and fragmentation are largely unexplored. Plastic materials with well-controlled characteristics and additive formulations will be prepared in order to carry out systematic investigations to study the effects of polymer type, particle size and shape, and additive chemistry on plastic weathering and fragmentation. Characterizations of laboratory and field-collected samples to identify changes in polymer and surface chemistry, mechanical strength, and additive loss, in conjunction with quantitative analysis of fragmentation potential, are expected to generate new mechanistic insight into the formation of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) in the environment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在化学系环境化学科学（ECS）项目的支持下，来自马萨诸塞州洛厄尔大学的Weile Yan和Margaret SobkowiczKline将研究塑料的环境降解行为。特别是，将研究聚合物性能、添加剂配方及其降解之间的因果关系。该项目将采用跨学科方法来研究塑料污染物在环境中的转化。该项目旨在评估现有塑料污染物的长期命运，并为未来的塑料设计和加工策略提供信息，以最大限度地减少环境积累。 PI 将通过专门的学者和培训计划以及综合实验室和现场学习经验吸引该机构的多元化学生群体。该项目还将推出一个社区服务项目，以提高公众对梅里马克河流域和邻近沿海环境的当地和区域塑料污染物来源的认识。 现有的微塑料研究揭示了自然环境中塑料碎片的重要性。然而，不同塑料材料的特性及其加工历史（包括抗氧化剂和紫外线稳定剂等常见添加剂的存在）对塑料降解和破碎的影响在很大程度上尚未被探索。将制备具有良好控制特性和添加剂配方的塑料材料，以便进行系统研究，以研究聚合物类型、颗粒尺寸和形状以及添加剂化学对塑料耐候和破碎的影响。对实验室和现场收集的样品进行表征，以识别聚合物和表面化学、机械强度和添加剂损失的变化，结合破碎潜力的定量分析，预计将对微米和纳米塑料的形成产生新的机制见解（MNP）。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。