Collaborative Research: Phenotypic and lineage diversification after key innovation(s): multiple evolutionary pathways to air-breathing in labyrinth fishes and their allies

合作研究：关键创新后的表型和谱系多样化：迷宫鱼及其盟友呼吸空气的多种进化途径

• 批准号: 2333684
• 负责人: Matthew Friedman
• 金额: $ 20.45万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2333684&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Phenotypic; lineage; diversification

Some anatomical structures or behaviors can be game-changing at evolutionary scales for certain groups of organisms. Such traits, called “key innovations”, radically alter how an organism interacts with its environment, and may confer competitive advantages. Examples are innovations that enable avoiding competition or predation with other species, or allowing access to new habitats and resources. A potential key innovation for some fishes is the ability to breathe atmospheric air with a unique air-breathing organ. These air-breathing organs have evolved several times in fishes such as bettas, gouramis, and snakeheads, and may have been the key to their success in spreading across the world millions of years ago and again during more recent biological invasions (e.g., snakeheads). This project will examine whether air-breathing structures are key innovations and then answer how these structures alter intrinsic (anatomical) or extrinsic (ecological) evolutionary dynamics.This project will use high resolution micro-computed tomographic imaging (microCT), coupled with contrast-staining and histology to provide insight into the diversity of air-breathing organs across the Anabantaria (gouramis, snakeheads, spiny and swamp eels). Using a phylogenetic comparative framework, the research team will assess the homology of different air-breathing structures across anabantarians. Three-D geometric morphometrics will be used to capture skull shape diversity in these fishes, air-breathing and non-air-breathing species alike. Finally, the research team will test whether air-breathing structures are key innovations and then answer how these structures alter evolutionary dynamics, either by (1) providing new opportunities for continental invasions, (2) facilitating body shape diversification, or (3) by changing the fundamentals of how the skull, which houses the air-breathing organ, adapts to changing roles. For the Broader Impacts of this study, the research team at University of Louisville will partner with colleagues at the University of Michigan Museum of Natural History for outreach and training. The University of Louisville research team, PI, post docs and students, will partner with the Louisville Zoo community programs office to build on existing programs aimed at increasing children’s empathy towards animals and each other.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

对于某些生物体，某些解剖结构或行为可能会在进化量表上改变游戏规模。这种特征称为“关键创新”，从根本上改变了生物体与环境相互作用的方式，并可能会遇到竞争优势。例如，创新可以避免与其他物种进行竞争或准备，或者允许获得新的栖息地和资源。某些鱼类的潜在关键创新是通过独特的空气呼吸器官呼吸大气的能力。这些空气呼吸器官在贝塔斯（Bettas），古拉米斯（Gouramis）和蛇头（Snakeheads）等鱼类中已经演变了多次，并且可能是他们成功地遍及世界上数百万年前乃至最近的生物创新（例如，蛇头）的关键。 This project will examine whether air-breathing structures are key innovations and then answer how these structures alter intrinsic (anatomical) or extrinsic (ecological) evolutionary dynamics.This project will use high resolution micro-computed tomographic imaging (microCT), coupled with contrast-staining and histology to provide insight into the diversity of air-breathing organs across the Anabantaria (gouramis, snakeheads,刺和沼泽鳗）。使用系统发育比较框架，研究小组将评估整个阿纳班达人的不同气呼吸结构的同源。三d几何形态测量法将用于捕获这些鱼类，空气呼吸和非空气呼吸的物种中的颅骨形状多样性。最后，研究团队将测试空气呼吸结构是关键的创新，然后回答这些结构如何改变进化动力学，要么（1）为连续入侵提供新的机会，（2）支持身体形状多样化，还是（3）通过更改颅骨的基本原理，这些颅骨如何适应空气器官，适应空气器官，以适应更改的角色。为了对本研究的更广泛的影响，路易斯维尔大学的研究团队将与密歇根大学自然历史博物馆的外展和培训学院合作。路易斯维尔大学研究团队，PI，Post Docs和学生将与路易斯维尔动物园社区计划办公室合作，以旨在建立旨在增加儿童对动物和彼此的同情心的现有计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识和更广泛的影响来评估Criteria诚实地认为，通过评估诚实的支持。