CAREER: Science and Education for Connecting Urban Irrigation Efficiency to Streamflow in Semi-Arid Cities

职业：将城市灌溉效率与半干旱城市水流联系起来的科学和教育

• 批准号: 2318903
• 负责人: Aditi Bhaskar
• 金额: $ 50.92万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2318903&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Science; Education; Connecting; Urban

Semi-arid U.S. cities are growing rapidly in regions where water is scarce. A major challenge for environmental sustainability is to help semi-arid communities thrive by ensuring that cities, agriculture, and the environment are jointly water-secure. One successfully demonstrated option to meet growing water demands with the same water supply is reducing urban water use through efficiency. Urban lawn irrigation is now the primary target for reducing urban water use, as it dominates annual water use in many semi-arid cities. Cutting urban water use through irrigation efficiency could play a critical role in water-scarce river basins, but is presently limited by the potential unintended consequences of streamflow reduction from less runoff and groundwater flowing into streams. If we transform semi-arid cities to use less water outdoors, will urban streams run dry? Will major rivers flowing through semi-arid cities become trickles, with all the associated damage to ecology, recreation, and downstream water availability? The lack of fundamental scientific knowledge on how urban irrigation affects streamflow has limited the implementation of water-efficient urban irrigation systems in some parts of the semi-arid U.S. The purpose of this work is to predict the effects of reduced urban irrigation on streamflow, enhance the capacity of urban areas to manage scarce water resources, and ultimately contribute to the goal of thriving, sustainable semi-arid communities. The project will establish a mentoring program for underrepresented minority students interested in water careers and engage these students in hands-on urban water research. This project is co-funded by the Hydrologic Sciences Program and the Environmental Sustainability Program.Reducing urban irrigation could play a critical role in achieving water security and sustainability in river basins where water is scarce. Urban irrigation may be reduced through smart, efficient irrigation systems or lawn conversion to xeriscaping and impervious surfaces. This work will quantify the present contribution of lawn irrigation to streamflow in small, semi-arid urban watersheds. This will be achieved in the Denver, Colorado, U.S. area by developing and applying a novel method combining water isotopes as a tracer of tap water with water provider reports, and monitoring in experimental watersheds. Then, using irrigation plots and integrated subsurface-surface-land surface hydrologic modeling, this research will determine the effects of reduced urban irrigation on semi-arid groundwater recharge and surface runoff. Lastly, this work will evaluate the hydrologic significance of present and reduced urban irrigation on streamflow in the semi-arid urban corridor of a large river basin. This research will integrate tightly with an education plan to diversify the urban water workforce in Colorado.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在稀缺的地区，半干旱的美国城市正在迅速发展。环境可持续性的一个主要挑战是通过确保城市，农业和环境共同养水，来帮助半干旱社区蓬勃发展。一种成功证明的选择以满足相同供水的不断增长的水需求的选择是通过效率降低城市用水。现在，城市草坪灌溉是减少城市用水的主要目标，因为它在许多半干旱城市中占主导地位。通过灌溉效率削减城市用水可能在水渣河盆地中发挥关键作用，但目前受到较小的径流和地下水流入溪流的潜在意想不到的后果的限制。如果我们将半干旱的城市改造成较少的户外水，城市溪流会干燥吗？流经半干旱城市的主要河流是否会因生态学，娱乐和下游水的所有相关损害而成为trick流吗？缺乏有关城市灌溉如何影响流量的基本科学知识限制了在美国半干旱地区某些地区的水效城市灌溉系统的实施，这项工作的目的是预测城市灌溉对流量的降低的影响，增强了城市地区的能力，增强了城市地区的能力，以管理稀缺水资源，并最终有助于壮成长的壮成长的壮大的社区。该项目将为对水域职业感兴趣的人数不足的少数族裔学生建立指导计划，并让这些学生参与动手的城市水研究。该项目由水文科学计划和环境可持续性计划共同资助。还原城市灌溉可能在实现稀缺水的河流域的水安全和可持续性中发挥关键作用。可以通过智能，有效的灌溉系统或草坪转换为Xercancaping和不透水的表面来减少城市灌溉。这项工作将量化草坪灌溉对小型城市流域中水流的当前贡献。这将在丹佛，科罗拉多州，美国地区实现，并应用一种新颖的方法，将水同位素与自来水提供者与水提供者报告相结合，并在实验性流域进行监测。然后，使用灌溉地块和集成地下 - 地面 - 地面水文建模，这项研究将确定城市灌溉减少对半干旱地下水补给和表面径流的影响。最后，这项工作将评估当前和减少大型河流城市走廊水流中城市灌溉的水文意义。这项研究将与科罗拉多州的城市水力多样化的教育计划紧密整合。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Urbanization of grasslands in the Denver area affects streamflow responses to rainfall events

丹佛地区草原的城市化影响径流对降雨事件的响应

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14720
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Hydrological Processes
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Wilson, Stacy;Bhaskar, Aditi S.;Choat, Benjamin;Kampf, Stephanie;Green, Timothy R.;Hopkins, Kristina G.
• 通讯作者: Hopkins, Kristina G.

Assessing stormwater control measure inventories from 23 cities in the United States

• DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/acc759
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability
• 作者: B. Choat;Amber Pulido;A. Bhaskar;R. Hale;Harry X. Zhang;T. Meixner;L. McPhillips;K. Hopkins;J. Cherrier;C. Cheng