Evaluating Long Term Population Continuity Through Radiocarbon Dating

通过放射性碳测年评估长期人口连续性

• 批准号: 2314153
• 负责人: Jennifer Birch
• 金额: $ 36.57万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2314153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evaluating; Long; Term; Population; Continuity

This project addresses the question of how and why St. Lawrence Iroquoian peoples disappeared from one river valley in the early colonial period. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries AD Iroquois relocated away from the valley, abandoning all permanent settlements. This project develops a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology to determine the timing and directionality of this population movement. The current lack of chronological resolution prevents appropriate understanding of the effects of warfare, European encroachment, disease, and climatic change during the sixteenth century—a critical period which encompasses the formation of Indigenous confederacies and initial European colonization. The project includes researchers from the Huron-Wendat Nation Bureau du Nionwentsïo (overseeing culture, territory, and heritage for the Nation), the University of Georgia, Cornell University, and the University of Montreal. The project is explicitly designed to advance Indigenous-led research agendas and provide a model for the co-production of knowledge and its dissemination.This project combats Indigenous erasure by centering the long-term presence of Iroquoian peoples. It illuminates the intentional actions and decisions made by First Nations peoples during the sixteenth century. Cutting-edge approaches to radiocarbon dating, charcoal identification, and statistical modelling of large suites of radiocarbon dates are critical to the team’s approach. Careful sample selection from existing collections and use of small samples in modern accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating maximizes the utility of the archaeological record while causing minimal impacts to that record. The project leverages methodological innovations for overcoming challenges in the radiocarbon calibration curve developed as part of the investigators previous NSF-funded research and takes advantage of recent greater refinement in the 14C calibration curve for the last millennium. Training opportunities are provided for undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Georgia. A reference collection will be generated that will be used in courses on dendrochronology and that can be used for future research. The methods employed by this project serve as a model for researchers working in other regions for developing high-resolution timeframes to explore critical events in global history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目解决了一个问题，即在殖民时期初期，圣劳伦斯·易洛魁人人民如何从一个河谷消失。在十六世纪末和17世纪初，易洛魁人搬离了山谷，放弃了所有永久定居点。该项目开发了高分辨率放射性碳年代学，以确定该人群运动的时间和方向性。目前缺乏时间顺序分辨率阻止了16世纪战争，欧洲侵占，疾病和杂物变化的影响的适当理解，这是一个关键时期，涵盖了土著同盟的形成和最初的欧洲殖民化。该项目包括来自休伦 - 温达特国家局局的研究人员（监督国家的监督文化，领土和遗产），乔治亚州大学，康奈尔大学和蒙特利尔大学。经过明确设计的旨在推进本土领导的研究议程，并为知识及其传播的共同生产提供了模型。该项目通过将易洛魁人的长期存在与土著擦除作斗争。它阐明了16世纪原住民人士做出的故意行动和决定。在现有集合中仔细选择了放射性碳套件的尖端方法，木炭鉴定和统计建模，并在现代加速器质谱射线光谱纪录中仔细选择了样本选择，可最大程度地吸收记录记录的效用，同时导致最小值的记录。该项目利用方法学创新来克服放射性碳校准曲线的挑战，这是研究人员先前由NSF资助的研究的一部分，并利用了上千年中最新的14C校准曲线中的改进。佐治亚大学的本科生和研究生提供了培训机会。将生成一个参考收集，该参考收集将用于Dendrocology的课程，并可用于将来的研究。该项目所采用的方法是在其他地区工作的研究人员开发高分辨率时间表以探索全球历史上的关键事件的模型。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来获得支持的审查标准。