Collaborative Research: Tracing Galaxy Quenching in the Cosmic Web With Spatially-Resolved Star-Formation Maps

合作研究：利用空间分辨的恒星形成图追踪宇宙网中的星系淬灭

• 批准号: 2308126
• 负责人: Gregory Rudnick
• 金额: $ 37.52万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2308126&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Tracing; Galaxy; Quenching

That galaxies in dense clusters appear markedly different from galaxies outside these regions (i.e., in the "field") was recognized even before the true nature of galaxies was recognized. Underlying this observation is the fact that a galaxy’s gas supply and star formation activity also show a marked dependence on environment. The objective of this project is to better understand how both are altered as a galaxy moves through the cosmic web to the cluster centers. The team will quantify environmental "quenching" of star formation by measuring the relative extent of the star-forming and stellar disks for 14,000 nearby galaxies - a factor of 20 increase over previous studies - to disentangle the correlated effects of environment, galaxy mass, and morphology. This award will also involve undergraduate students at both institutions in research, and support outreach efforts to area K-12 students as well as a summer teacher training program. This work will (1) constrain the quenching timescale for the densest environments where gas stripping is known to occur, (2) determine how the network of cosmic filaments around clusters alters the spatial distribution of star formation within galaxies, (3) shed light on how these processes act in different environments to produce the observed changes, and (4) produce a data set with lasting legacy value for studies of galaxy evolution in the nearby universe. The team will fit Sersic models to the sample galaxies and determine the effective radii of the stars (optical grz from the DESI Legacy Surveys and infrared 3.4um from WISE) and star formation (WISE 12um). Non-parametric profiles and total fluxes will also be derived for these galaxies through elliptical aperture photometry using ultraviolet (GALEX), optical grz, and infrared (WISE) images. These complementary techniques will yield robust structural parameters for to galaxy sample. Custom software designed by the team to overcome the challenges associated with measuring photometry of large galaxies will be used, and self-consistent stellar mass and star-formation rates (SFR) will be estimated for the entire sample through the analysis of their ultraviolet through infrared spectral energy distributions. The team will adopt a more sophisticated characterization of galaxy environment by considering filaments as well as cluster and field membership. This is an important addition as recent hydrodynamic simulations suggest that filaments may be important sites of galaxy transformation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

密集簇中的星系与这些区域以外的星系明显不同（即“田间”），甚至在认识到星系的真实本质之前就得到了认可。这一观察结果的基础是，星系的气体供应和恒星形成活动也显示出对环境的显着依赖性。该项目的目的是更好地理解随着银河系从宇宙网络转移到集群中心时，如何改变两者。团队将通过测量星系附近的14,000个星形和恒星磁盘的相对程度来量化恒星形成的环境“淬灭” - 与以前的研究相比增加了20倍，以消除环境，星系质量和形态的相应影响。该奖项还将涉及两家机构的本科生，并支持对K-12区学生以及夏季教师培训计划的推广工作。这项工作将（1）在已知发生气体剥离的最密集环境中约束淬火时间尺度，（2）确定群集周围宇宙丝网的网络如何改变星系中星系中星星形成的空间分布，（3）揭示这些过程在不同环境中如何在不同的环境中产生与近距离的研究，并在近来的研究中产生了近距离的研究。该团队将对样品星系拟合，并确定恒星的有效半径（来自DESI传统调查的光学GRZ和WISE的红外3.4UM）和恒星形成（Wise 12um）。这些星系也将通过椭圆形光圈光度法（使用紫外线（Galex），光学GRZ和红外（Wise）图像来得出这些星系的非参数轮廓和总通量。这些完整的技术将为银河样品产生强大的结构参数。将使用团队设计的定制软件来克服与测量大星系光度法相关的挑战，并且将通过分析红外光谱分布来估算整个样本的自洽恒星质量和星形构图（SFR）。该团队将通过考虑细丝以及集群和现场会员资格来采用对星系环境的更复杂的表征。这是一个重要的补充，因为最近的流体动力模拟表明细丝可能是星系转化的重要地点。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，通过评估被认为是珍贵的支持。