Every Datapoint Counts: Atmosphere-aided Flare Studies in the Rubin era

每个数据点都很重要：鲁宾时代的大气辅助耀斑研究

• 批准号: 2308016
• 负责人: Federica Bianco
• 金额: $ 24.87万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2308016&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Every; Datapoint; Counts; Atmosphere; aided

In 1859, the Earth was struck by a solar storm that disrupted telegraph stations and created visible aurorae as far south as Cuba. If the same storm were to happen today, it would cause trillions of dollars in damage to the world’s power grids and communication technology. Just before the event, English astronomer Richard Carrington observed a sudden brightening of the Sun’s surface - the first observation of a solar flare. Flares such as the one Carrington observed are not unique to the Sun, but also occur on other stars, especially those cooler and less massive than the Sun. They vary across a range of energies, temperatures, durations, and brightness. By measuring the properties of flares, we come closer to understanding how they work and how they affect a planet’s ability to sustain life. In particular, measuring the temperature of flares can tell us the extent to which they threaten the atmospheres of planets orbiting other stars. The Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will observe millions of stellar flares over its 10-year mission. The investigators are developing a technique to use the Earth’s atmosphere to measure the color, and thus the temperature, of the flares. This project will also sponsor a student at Lincoln University to work on “sonification” of Rubin data. This technique is the representation of data through sound, to make the results accessible to Blind and Visually Impaired (BVI) persons. The upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory through its Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) provides an opportunity to collect a large ensemble of flare measurements from millions of stars across the sky. Because of the short flare duration and the survey cadence, it is unlikely that flares will be detected with more than one data point. This program aims to develop a methodology to enable LSST studies of stellar flares, with a focus on flare temperature and temperature evolution, which remain poorly constrained compared to the photometric morphology of flares. Leveraging the exquisite image quality and sensitivity expected from the Rubin system, Differential Chromatic Refraction can be used to constrain flare temperature from a single-epoch detection. Modeling the refraction effect as a function of the atmospheric column density, photometric filter, and temperature of the flare, flare temperatures at or above 10,000K can be constrained by a single g-band observation at airmass as low as X=1.2, given the minimum specified requirement on single-visit absolute astrometric accuracy of LSST. Nearly 100,000 g-band images are expected to be collected at higher airmass than X=1.2 in the Rubin LSST 10-year survey. This project will develop a pipeline to process LSST data and characterize a large sample of sparsely observed flare temperatures, which will constrain models of the physical processes behind flare emission as well as the relationship between flare parameters (e.g. temperature, duration, energy) and stellar parameters (e.g. spectral type, rotation, magnetic field).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

1859年，地球被一个太阳风暴电报站击中，并创建了可见的Aurorae，直至古巴。在太阳的耀斑中，观察到的卡林顿不是太阳的独特之处，尤其是那些比太阳更凉爽的恒星。工作以及如何影响星球在特定的耀斑中维持生命的能力。任务。视觉障碍（BVI）的人（BVI）。恒星耀斑以耀斑的温度和温度演化为重点，与耀斑的光度形态相比，它们的质量和灵敏度与鲁宾系统的敏感性相比作为大气色谱柱密度，光度滤光片和耀斑的温度，在空气中的单个G波段观察为x = 1.2，在10,000k下的耀斑温度，耀斑温度，鉴于指定的最低指定需求量的访问 - 可耐腐烂的astroute astrometroute astormetrote精度LSST。 ，持续时间，能量）和恒星参数（例如光谱类型，旋转，磁场）。该奖项反映了NSF'Stututs值得通过使用Toundatual功绩和ER影响评估的评估来支持的审查标准。