NSF PRFB FY23: Dissecting the holobiont: exploring how genetics, environments, and microbiomes contribute to emergent host phenotypes

NSF PRFB FY23：剖析全生物：探索遗传学、环境和微生物组如何促进新兴宿主表型

• 批准号: 2305704
• 负责人: Emily Hardison
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: Hardison, Emily A
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-11-01 至 2026-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2305704&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; PRFB; FY23; Dissecting; holobiont

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2023, Integrative Research Investigating the Rules of Life Governing Interactions Between Genomes, Environment, and Phenotypes. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will contribute to the area of Rules of Life in innovative ways. Microbes can have many effects on animals, including everything from their digestion to their survival in extreme temperatures. For example, green frog tadpoles raised in water without microbes were more affected by high temperatures and had a higher chance of dying from heat stress than tadpoles grown in water containing wild pond microbes. This suggests that their microbiome – the microbes living in and on tadpoles – shapes the frog’s physiology and tolerance to extreme conditions. Green frogs live in ponds across the entire East Coast of the USA, from colder northern states to much warmer southern states. An unknown question is: are the microbes living in ponds and their resident tadpoles different in the North and South? And if so, do northern microbes help frogs thrive in colder water or southern microbes help them in warmer water? Using a combination of observations and experiments, the fellow will study green frog microbiomes across their geographic range, to see if they help the frogs to thrive across a wide range of temperatures. This work is important for predicting how animals will respond to environmental change and helping amphibian conservation efforts. To address these questions, the fellow will start by comparing water and tadpole microbiomes from ponds along the species' range. By pairing this analysis with habitat characterization, the fellow will explore drivers of variation in microbial communities from tadpole pond habitat. Building on this fieldwork, the fellow will conduct a captive breeding study using green frogs from their northern and southern range limits and perform a factorial experiment, rearing their offspring in tanks amended with microbes collected from northern or southern ponds, followed by measuring tadpole thermal performance. Through these activities, the fellow will gain new understanding of the factors shaping microbiome composition (i.e., host genetics, environmental conditions, and environmental microbes) and their impacts on intraspecific variation in the frog microbiome and emergent thermal phenotypes. Through this project, the fellow will also gain invaluable training in bioinformatics, microbiome physiology, and lab leadership. Finally, the fellow will host mentorship workshops to promote inclusive and informed mentorship practices and will advise and participate in conservation-focused STEM education programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该行动为2023财年生物学的NSF博士后研究奖学金提供了资金，该研究综合研究调查了有关基因组，环境和表型之间相互作用的生活规则。奖学金支持对研究员的研究和培训，这些研究和培训将以创新的方式为生活规则做出贡献。微生物可能对动物产生许多影响，包括从消化到在极端温度下生存的一切。例如，在没有微生物的水中饲养的绿色青蛙t比在含有野生池塘微生物的水中生长的th tad柱更大的热量影响，并且死于热应激的可能性更高。这表明它们的微生物组 - 生活在t和t上的微生物 - 塑造了青蛙的生理和对极端条件的耐受性。绿色青蛙生活在美国整个东海岸的庞斯中，从北部较冷的各州到南部更温暖的南部各州。一个未知的问题是：居住在池塘及其居民t的微生物是否在北方和南部有所不同？如果是这样，北部微生物是否有助于青蛙在冷水中繁衍生息，或者南部微生物在温暖的水中帮助它们？研究员将结合观测和实验，将研究其地理范围内的绿色青蛙微生物组，以查看它们是否帮助青蛙在广泛的温度中繁衍生息。这项工作对于预测动物将如何应对环境变化和帮助两栖动物的保护工作很重要。为了解决这些问题，研究员将首先比较沿山脉的池塘的水和t the脚微生物组。通过将这种分析与栖息地的特征配对，该研究员将探索t池栖息地中微生物群落变异的驱动因素。在此实地调查的基础上，这位研究员将使用来自其北部和南部范围限制的绿色青蛙进行圈养育种研究，并进行阶乘实验，并在经过从北部或南部池塘收集的微生物修订的储罐中饲养后代，然后测量t骨的热性能。通过这些活动，研究员将对塑造微生物组组成（即宿主遗传学，环境条件和环境微生物）的因素进行新的了解及其对青蛙微生物组内种内变化的影响。通过该项目，该研究员还将获得宝贵的生物信息学，微生物组生理和实验室领导力的培训。最后，这位研究员将举办心态研讨会，以促进包容性和知情的心态实践，并将为以保护为中心的STEM教育计划提供建议并参与。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来获得支持。