RUI: Conflicting selection pressures within mate choice of Jewelwing damselflies

RUI：珠宝翅豆娘的择偶压力存在冲突

• 批准号: 2242987
• 负责人: Idelle Cooper
• 金额: $ 44.83万
• 依托单位: Grinnell College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2242987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Conflicting; selection; pressures; within

One hundred and fifty years after Darwin described the origin of species as the consummate mystery, biologists are still seeking to unravel fundamental questions of speciation, including how mate choice evolves. The process of choosing a mate is central to species identities, but it can involve two steps that may conflict: identifying which potential mate is the same species and selecting which one is most attractive. The choice might be different for those two processes, and the chosen mate might end up being a different species, particularly if a nearby, closely-related species is brighter, flashier, louder, or otherwise more appealing. When that happens, species boundaries can break down and two species can become one. Alternatively, natural selection to maintain species boundaries may act against selection for the most attractive mate. A key to understanding speciation and biodiversity, therefore, is to explore how conflicting decisions in mate choice are resolved. This project will examine selection on damselfly wing pigmentation, a trait used when choosing mates. Overall, this project will train undergraduate students in field ecology and in public outreach through the development of an art exhibit that will explore complexity and diversity of form in nature. This project leverages a natural experiment involving two Jewelwing damselfly species, Calopteryx aequabilis and C. maculata, whose geographic ranges overlap. Wing pigmentation varies within and between species. Where the species live separately, they look very similar, but where they coexist their wing pigmentation is quite different. This pattern suggests that conflicting selection is acting on wing pigmentation. The PI will use a wing-transplant technique to switch wings between individuals from different populations and species and measure mate choice in paired choice trials across the species ranges. Additionally, the PI will measure the traits correlated with mating success in nature by marking damselflies with flourescent powder that transfers between mates. These approaches will pinpoint the traits under selection and the direction of selection by species recognition versus sexual selection. By studying both steps of mate choice along a gradient of species overlap, this research will reveal where and how conflicting choices may be resolved. The PI hypothesizes that sexual dimorphism, or differences between sexes, may resolve the conflict: females are under stronger species recognition selection and males are under stronger sexual selection, so a single trait under selection during mate choice may evolve readily in different directions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

达尔文将物种的起源描述为完美的神秘之后，生物学家仍在寻求揭开基本形成的基本问题，包括伴侣选择的发展方式。选择伴侣的过程对于物种身份至关重要，但它可能涉及两个可能发生冲突的步骤：确定哪个潜在伴侣是同一物种，并选择哪种最有吸引力。对于这两个过程，选择可能会有所不同，而所选的伴侣最终可能是一个不同的物种，尤其是如果附近，密切相关的物种更加明亮，更闪烁，更大声或更具吸引力。发生这种情况时，物种边界可能会分解，并且两个物种可能成为一个物种。另外，维持物种边界的自然选择可能会反对选择最有吸引力的伴侣的选择。因此，了解物种形成和生物多样性的关键是探索如何解决伴侣选择中的矛盾决策。该项目将检查有关Damselfly Wing色素沉着的选择，这是选择伴侣时使用的特征。总体而言，该项目将通过开发艺术展览来培训现场生态学和公共活动的本科生，该艺术展览将探索自然界中形式的复杂性和多样性。该项目利用了一个自然的实验，涉及两个珠宝自发的物种，calopteryx aequabilis和C. maculata，其地理范围是重叠的。机翼色素沉着在物种之间和物种之间变化。物种分开居住的地方，它们看起来非常相似，但是在它们共存的翼色素沉着的地方却大不相同。这种模式表明，相互矛盾的选择是对机翼色素沉着的作用。 PI将使用机翼移植技术来切换来自不同人群和物种的个体之间的翅膀，并在物种范围内配对选择试验中测量伴侣选择。此外，PI将通过用粉料在伴侣之间转移的粉状粉末标记乳头自然界来衡量与自然界成功相关的特征。这些方法将指出选择下的特征以及通过物种识别与性选择的选择方向。通过研究伴侣选择的两个步骤沿着物种的梯度重叠，这项研究将揭示如何解决何处以及如何解决矛盾的选择。 PI假设的性二态性或性别之间的差异可能会解决冲突：女性处于更强的物种识别范围之下，男性在选择性选择中受到更强的性选择，因此在选择期间选择的单个特征可能会在不同方向上很容易地进化。该奖项颁发了NSF的法定任务，反映了通过评估构成的支持者的范围，并概述了众所周知的范围。