Secondary Marine Aerosol precursors and Links to aerosol growth at ice-melT onset in the Arctic (SMALTA)

次生海洋气溶胶前体以及与北极冰融化开始时气溶胶生长的联系 (SMALTA)

• 批准号: 2211153
• 负责人: Megan Willis
• 金额: $ 75.6万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2211153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Secondary; Marine; Aerosol; precursors; Links

The goal of this project is to advance knowledge about the formation of secondary marine aerosol in the atmosphere. Compared to primary marine aerosol, secondary aerosol explains a larger fraction of variability in marine cloud condensation nuclei and cloud droplet number concentrations. This work is expected to improve the predictive understanding of ocean - atmosphere interactions that control aerosol number and properties over remote oceans and will improve the mechanistic understanding of the formation of marine cloud condensation nuclei. The results will provide needed information for improved model representation of aerosol impacts on marine cloud properties and Earth’s changing climate.Measurements of volatile organic compounds will be made during the Atmospheric Rivers and the Onset of Sea Ice Melt (ARTofMELT) project aboard IB Oden, in May – June 2023. New measurements of oxygenated volatile organic compounds will allow a determination of whether oxygenated monoterpenes, linear carbonyls and phenolic compounds are important contributors to gas-phase marine reactive organic carbon in a polar marine region. In addition, new measurements of reduced sulfur compounds will allow a determination about whether methanethiol makes an important contribution to the natural sulfur budget during the Atlantic Arctic spring bloom. Finally, gas-aerosol closure simulations will quantify the role of these under-explored precursors of secondary marine aerosol in controlling aerosol properties. The observations and modeling of this project have relevance to marine regions beyond the Arctic, where (1) models of aerosol properties have relied on assumptions about the nature and identity of secondary marine aerosol precursors, and (2) efforts to reach closure between measured and predicted oxidant reactivity have indicated a missing source of reactive organic carbon.Three graduate students will participate in the internationally collaborative research. A collaboration with the Natural Sciences Education and Outreach Center at Colorado State University will involve the design of hands-on and student-driven classroom activities that focus on greenhouse gases and their impacts on both local agricultural systems, and remote ocean and polar ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的目标是增进对大气中二次海洋气溶胶形成的了解，与一次海洋气溶胶相比，二次气溶胶解释了海洋云凝核和云滴数量浓度的较大变化。提高对控制偏远海洋气溶胶数量和性质的海洋-大气相互作用的预测理解，并将提高对海洋云凝结核形成的机制的理解。研究结果将为改进气溶胶影响的模型表示提供所需的信息。海洋云特性和地球气候变化。将于 2023 年 5 月至 6 月在 IB Oden 上的大气河流和海冰融化开始 (ARTofMELT) 项目期间对挥发性有机化合物进行测量。对含氧挥发性有机化合物的新测量将允许确定含氧单萜、直链羰基和酚类化合物是否是极地海洋区域气相海洋活性有机碳的重要贡献者。此外，还进行了减少的新测量。硫化合物将有助于确定甲硫醇是否对大西洋北极春季水华期间的自然硫预算做出重要贡献。最后，气体-气溶胶闭合模拟将量化这些尚未开发的次生海洋气溶胶前体在控制气溶胶特性中的作用。该项目的观测和建模与北极以外的海洋区域相关，其中（1）气溶胶特性模型依赖于关于次生海洋气溶胶前体的性质和身份的假设，并且(2) 为实现测量的氧化剂反应性与预测的氧化剂反应性之间的接近而做出的努力表明缺少活性有机碳来源。三名研究生将参与与科罗拉多州立大学自然科学教育和外展中心的合作。设计由学生主导的实践课堂活动，重点关注温室气体及其对当地农业系统、偏远海洋和极地生态系统的影响。该奖项是 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。智力价值和更广泛的价值影响审查标准。