CAREER: The role of the resting brain in stereotyping & stereotype change

职业：休息的大脑在刻板印象中的作用

• 批准号: 2236587
• 负责人: Meghan Meyer
• 金额: $ 99.52万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2028-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2236587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; role; resting; brain; stereotyping

Stereotypes (i.e., attributes associated with members of social groups) are widespread, leading to negative treatment of social group members and deleterious consequences. Understanding why stereotyping occurs and can be weakened are important for creating a more equitable, prosperous society. This research examines if brain processes during rest (i.e., when people are not paying attention to anything in particular) predict stereotyping and the weakening of stereotypes. It is commonly thought that the brain needs to rest by taking a mental break to help learning new information, and this project would test whether and how rest encourages fairer treatment of others. Understanding the mechanisms underlying stereotypes and how to change them is a central goal of psychology and neuroscience. Because stereotypes are so well-learned that they come to mind effortlessly, they are hard to reduce because people often cannot stop them. This research will measure neural activity while participants briefly rest by taking a short mental break before observing someone who they could stereotype to test whether the neural responding during the rest period predicts their stereotyping moments later. The second aim of this research is to determine if stereotypes are weakened during rest (e.g., does rest following a positive social interaction with someone from a stereotyped group weaken group stereotypes). To address these aims, the current research will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain responses during rest and how they relate to stereotyping and stereotype change. Using fMRI will provide insights on why people stereotype and how stereotypes are weakened as these mental events take place. This project also has educational aims to disseminate social neuroscience education to under-represented communities and to investigate these questions in societal contexts in which stereotypes naturally change through positive interactions with diverse populations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

刻板印象（即与社会群体成员相关的属性）广泛，导致对社会群体成员的负面处理和有害后果。了解为什么陈规定型出现并可以削弱，对于建立一个更公平，繁荣的社会很重要。这项研究检查了休息期间的大脑过程（即，当人们不关注任何事物时）预测刻板印象和刻板印象的削弱。人们普遍认为，大脑需要通过心理休息来帮助学习新信息，而大脑需要休息，并且该项目将测试以及如何鼓励对他人的公平治疗。了解刻板印象以及如何改变它们的机制是心理学和神经科学的核心目标。因为刻板印象是如此精心学习，以至于他们毫不费力地想到了，所以很难减少，因为人们通常无法阻止他们。这项研究将衡量神经活动，同时参与者短暂休息，然后在观察某人刻板印象以测试其余下期间的神经反应是否会预测其刻板印象之后是否进行刻板印象。这项研究的第二个目的是确定在休息期间刻板印象是否削弱了（例如，在与刻板印象的人进行积极的社会互动后，确实休息了，从而削弱了群体的刻板印象）。为了解决这些目标，当前的研究将使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）检查休息期间的大脑反应，以及它们与刻板印象和刻板印象变化的关系。使用fMRI将提供有关人们为何刻板印象以及在这些心理事件发生时如何削弱刻板印象的见解。该项目还具有教育性的目标，旨在传播社会神经科学教育，以使代表性不足的社区在社会背景下调查这些问题，在社会背景下，刻板印象通过与多样化人群的积极互动自然改变了，这奖反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过支持的支持。使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响评估标准进行评估。