Collaborative Research: The Individual Differences Corpus: A resource for testing and refining hypotheses about individual differences in speech production

协作研究：个体差异语料库：用于测试和完善有关言语产生个体差异的假设的资源

• 批准号: 2234098
• 负责人: Laurel MacKenzie
• 金额: $ 13.12万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-15 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2234098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Individual; Differences; Corpus

Speaking is a surprisingly personal activity. When humans articulate the vowels and consonants that make up words, or produce the rhythm and melody of a sentence, they do so in ways that differ from each other – even from others who speak the same language. And while some of the differences in a person’s pronunciation reflect the specific region they come from or the social group they belong to, most of the variation in people’s speech remains poorly understood. This lack of understanding presents challenges to society – surprisingly practical ones, such as how speech and language disorders can be diagnosed (for example, which kinds of differences are pathological and which kinds aren’t?) as well as how technological applications such as automatic speech recognition operate (for example, which kinds of differences cause problems for a speech recognition system and which ones don’t?). The goal of this project is to produce a corpus of speech data – the first-ever publicly-available corpus of its kind – that can be used to explore the ways and reasons that people differ in their speech patterns. The corpus – the Individual Differences Corpus – includes tens of thousands of words produced by hundreds of native English speakers, providing researchers with the data needed to test scientific hypotheses about how a range of mental skills (e.g., memory, attention) and personality characteristics (e.g., autistic traits, empathy) influence people’s speech, with implications for how researchers approach speech-related differences in social, educational, technological and clinical contexts.Speech signals are rife with variation. Some of this variation derives from the form of the message itself (i.e., effects of phonetic and/or phonological context), while some derives instead from the speaking context (e.g., the need to produce faster, clearer or less ambiguous speech). However, some of the variation found in speech has its origins in speakers themselves – i.e., individual differences. But what aspects of speakers and listeners cause them to vary, and what can they tell us about the language and speech production systems? The present research aims to create the Individual Differences Corpus, a publicly-available corpus resource designed for approaching questions about individual differences in speech production. The corpus is unique in that it pairs (1) thousands of words of connected speech produced by hundreds of native English speakers with (2) a large battery of measurement of all speakers’ cognitive and social profiles, including psychometrically valid measurements along several dimensions of cognitive control (e.g., working memory, processing speed, inhibition), cognitive processing styles (e.g., autistic traits, empathy) and more. The theoretical and empirical potential of the corpus is demonstrated in two psychometric studies of speech production planning that investigate planning from both prosodic and segmental perspectives.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

讲话是一项令人惊讶的个人活动。当人类表达构成单词或产生句子的节奏和旋律的元音和辅音时，他们以彼此不同的方式进行操作，即使与其他说相同语言的人也这样做。尽管一个人的发音中的某些差异反映了他们来自的特定区域或他们所属的社会群体，但人们言语的大多数变化仍然很众所周知。缺乏理解给社会带来了挑战 - 令人惊讶的实践挑战，例如如何诊断言语和语言障碍（例如，哪些差异是病态的，哪种差异是什么？），以及哪些差异是什么？该项目的目的是生产语音数据（同类产品中的第一个公共可用语料库），可用于探索人们在语音模式上有所不同的方式和原因。语料库 - 个体差异，包括数以千计的英语女性母语者产生的成千上万个单词，为研究人员提供了测试有关科学技能如何（例如，记忆，注意力，注意力，注意力）和人格特征和人格特征（例如，加速性格，同理心）的差异，与研究人员的差异相关的科学技能（例如，记忆，注意力）如何（例如，记忆，注意力）以及如何进行研究，对研究人员进行差异，以进行研究，以进行研究，以进行研究。信号是有变化的生活。其中一些变化源自消息本身的形式（即语音和/或语音上下文的影响），而有些则来自语言上下文（例如，需要更快，更清晰或更清晰或含糊不清的语音）。但是，语音中发现的一些变化起源于说话者本身（即个体差异）。但是，说话者和听众的哪些方面使他们有所不同，他们能告诉我们有关语言和语音生产系统的什么？本研究旨在创建个体差异语料库，这是一种公共可用的语料库资源，旨在接近有关语音生产中个体差异的问题。语料库的独特之处在于（1）成千上万的英语用语者产生的连接语音单词，（2）大量测量所有说话者的认知和社交概况，包括沿着精神计算有效的测量，沿着多个认知能力控制（例如，工作记忆，工作记忆，处理速度，抑制）和自动处理（E.G）（E.G）（E.G），E.G，EM。在两项言语生产计划的心理测量研究中证明了该语料库的理论和经验潜力，从韵律和分段的角度研究计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响标准来评估来获得支持的。