Collaborative Research: EAGER: Microstructure Observations of Vertical Mixing and Heat Fluxes from Chipods Deployed on Arctic Observing Network Cruises

合作研究：EAGER：北极观测网络游轮上部署的 Chipods 对垂直混合和热通量的微观结构观测

• 批准号: 2234001
• 负责人: Amy Waterhouse
• 金额: $ 15.93万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2234001&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAGER; Microstructure; Observations

Climate change is causing the Arctic Ocean to get warmer and Arctic sea ice to melt. These two effects are related, because a warmer ocean can melt sea ice faster, and when sea ice melts, more sunlight gets into the ocean, making it even warmer. Melted sea ice may also result in more ocean turbulence as it allows for bigger waves on the ocean surface. We do not fully understand how melting sea ice and a warming ocean influence each other, and it is difficult to make ocean measurements in the Arctic Ocean. Here we propose to use an existing dataset of turbulence observations to understand whether warming of Arctic waters is associated with ocean mixing, to identify regional patterns in mixing, and to quantify changes in recent years. These observations were made with a highly specialized instrument that can directly measure ocean turbulence, which has been infrequently used in the Arctic Ocean. Part of the proposed work is to develop new methods to interpret the data in this unique environment. Once these methods are developed, they may make long term monitoring of changes in Arctic turbulence possible. The motivation driving this work is to improve understanding of how Arctic climate change will affect interactions between the ocean and sea ice. This is an important goal both for Arctic coastal communities, who face a loss of sea ice and increasing coastal erosion, and for improving predictions of global climate. The proposal will support the early careers of two female scientists, and will also support a collaboration with the Birch Aquarium to develop an exhibit to explain Arctic climate change to a broad audience.Climate change is dramatically altering the Arctic Ocean, including the multidecadal loss of Arctic sea ice. Understanding potential feedbacks between sea ice loss and the warming Arctic Ocean is of critical importance to predicting and mitigating future climate change. Here we propose to use an existing dataset of 264 profiles of shipboard turbulence observations collected on two Arctic Observing Network cruises to assess the strength of vertical mixing in boundary current regions of the Arctic Ocean, and quantify any correlation between the strength of mixing and temperature of boundary currents (which have warmed in recent years); and identify regional patterns in mixing along the Arctic shelves and quantify any changes in mixing rates relative to prior studies. We aim to use the results to both improve our understanding of Arctic ocean mixing in a warming climate and inform future efforts to monitor changes in the Arctic mixing environment. These deployments represent some of the first uses of turbulence instruments in the Arctic ocean which can be routinely deployed on hydrography cruises, and processing and interpreting the resulting data will require new methods due to differences between the Arctic ocean and the lower latitude oceans where these instruments are usually deployed. Once completed, this analysis will provide information about changes in Arctic oceanic vertical mixing and how the vertical transport of heat and nutrients will evolve in a changing climate. The underlying objective of this work is to improve understanding of the Arctic climate and its likely trajectory in terms of vertical mixing rates along the margins. This aim is important regionally, as Arctic coastal communities face a loss of sea ice and coastal erosion, and globally for improving predictions of the future climate. Additionally, this proposal is structured to support the early careers of two female scientists, and will also support a collaboration with the Birch Aquarium to develop an exhibit to explain Arctic climate change to a broad audience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

气候变化导致北极海变暖和北极海冰融化。这两个效果是相关的，因为温暖的海洋可以更快地融化海冰，当海冰融化时，更多的阳光进入海洋，使其变暖。融化的海冰也可能导致更多的海洋湍流，因为它可以在海面上大量波浪。我们不完全了解融化海冰和温暖的海洋如何相互影响，并且很难在北极海洋中进行海洋测量。在这里，我们建议使用现有的湍流观测数据集，以了解北极水的变暖是否与海洋混合有关，以识别混合中的区域模式以及近年来量化变化。这些观察结果是用高度专业的仪器进行的，该仪器可以直接测量海洋湍流，这在北极海洋中很少使用。拟议的工作的一部分是开发新方法来解释在这个独特的环境中的数据。一旦开发了这些方法，它们可能会长期监测北极湍流的变化。推动这项工作的动机是提高人们对北极气候变化将如何影响海洋与海冰之间的相互作用的理解。对于北极沿海社区而言，这是一个重要的目标，他们面临着海冰的损失和增加沿海侵蚀，并改善了对全球气候的预测。该提案将支持两位女科学家的早期职业，还将支持与桦木水族馆的合作，以开发一个展览，向广泛的受众解释北极气候变化。气候变化极大地改变了北极海洋，包括北极海冰的多年衰落损失。了解海冰流失与北极海洋变暖之间的潜在反馈对于预测和减轻未来气候变化至关重要。在这里，我们建议使用在两个北极观测网络巡航上收集的264个船坞湍流观测值的现有数据集，以评估北极海界边界当前区域中垂直混合的强度，并量化近年来混合和温度的强度之间的任何相关性（最近几年已经变暖）；并确定沿北极架子混合的区域模式，并量化混合速率相对于先前的研究的任何变化。我们的目标是利用结果来提高我们对温暖气候中北极海洋混合的理解，并为未来的努力来监视北极混合环境的变化。这些部署代表了北极海洋中湍流仪器的一些第一个用途，这些湍流仪器可以通常在水文巡航中部署，并且由于北极海洋和通常部署这些仪器的下纬度海洋之间的差异，因此处理和解释所得数据将需要新的方法。完成后，该分析将提供有关北极海洋垂直混合变化的信息，以及在气候变化中，热量和养分的垂直运输将如何发展。这项工作的基本目标是在沿边缘的垂直混合速率方面提高对北极气候及其可能轨迹的理解。这个目标在区域上很重要，因为北极沿海社区面临海冰和沿海侵蚀的损失，并且在全球范围内用于改善对未来气候的预测。此外，该建议旨在支持两位女科学家的早期职业，还将支持与桦木水族馆的合作，以开发一个展览，以向广泛的受众解释北极气候变化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力功能和广泛影响的评估来评估Criteria的评估，并被认为是值得的。