Magnetic Phase Boundary Mapping for the Discovery of Emergent Properties in Intermetallic Magnets

用于发现金属间磁体中突现特性的磁相边界测绘

• 批准号: 2233902
• 负责人: Mykhailo Shatruk
• 金额: $ 50.35万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2233902&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Magnetic; Phase; Boundary; Mapping; Discovery

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYItinerant (metallic) magnets are a unique class of magnetic materials used in societally important information and clean-energy technologies, including spin valves, novel electronic devices, electric vehicles, wind turbines, and magnetic refrigerators. Early studies offered understanding of magnetism in simple metals – iron, cobalt, and nickel. The present state of knowledge and advanced experimental and theoretical tools available to materials scientists afford insight into magnetic behavior of more complex intermetallic systems. Moreover, these tools allow not only investigation but also prediction of desired electronic and magnetic properties. With this project, supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry Program in NSF’s Division of Materials Research, Professor Michael Shatruk at the Florida State University will leverage the advanced theoretical methods and extensive experimental studies to fine-tune materials’ crystal and electronic structures in order to find states in which magnetic moments attain exotic configurations, such as helices, spirals, and vortices. The outcome of these studies will be rational design of materials with novel magnetic properties, paving the way to new properties that can be implemented in novel devices. The diversity of theoretical and experimental tools employed in this project will provide unique research training for graduate and undergraduate students, who will become proficient in solid state chemistry, materials synthesis and characterization, and quantum-chemical calculations. TECHNICAL SUMMARYMagnets with collinear arrangement of magnetic moments, such as canonical ferro-, ferri-, and antiferromagnets, have long been an area of active studies and innovations in solid state chemistry and condensed matter physics. Modern solid-state sciences provide powerful tools to explore the design of materials with competing magnetic interactions that can result in non-collinear magnetic structures, such as helical, spiral, or skyrmionics spin textures. This project aims to develop rational pathways to such materials by implementing a concept of magnetic phase boundary mapping. The phase space between two collinear magnetic structures (e.g., ferro- and antiferromagnetic) will be probed by a range of structural, magnetic, and spectroscopic techniques, as well as by electronic structure calculations, to uncover the region of non-collinear spin textures that are highly sensitive both to chemical substitutions and to applied magnetic fields or pressure. The project will make active use of advanced large-scale research facilities at national labs for determination of magnetic structures and detailed structure-property correlations. The proposed research activities will provide versatile training to graduate and undergraduate students in materials synthesis, investigation of structural and magnetic properties, the use of neutron scattering methods, and studies of the electronic band structure. The students will be involved in active collaborations with researchers at neutron and X-ray scattering facilities. The PI and his research group will contribute to broadening participation by involving students from underrepresented groups through a transitional master-to-PhD bridge program in chemistry, organization of undergraduate summer schools in magnetism and magnetic materials, and implementation of the unique MINDLab research experiences aimed at high-school students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要流动（金属）磁体是一类独特的磁性材料，用于对社会具有重要意义的信息和清洁能源技术，包括旋转阀、新型电子设备、电动汽车、风力涡轮机和磁制冷机。早期的研究提供了对磁性的理解。材料科学家可用的现有知识和先进的实验和理论工具可以深入了解更复杂的金属间化合物系统的磁性行为。在美国国家科学基金会材料研究部固态和材料化学项目的支持下，佛罗里达州立大学的迈克尔·沙特鲁克教授将利用先进的理论方法和广泛的实验，不仅进行研究，还预测所需的电子和磁性。研究微调材料的晶体和电子结构，以找到磁矩达到奇异构型（例如螺旋、螺旋和涡旋）的状态，这些研究的结果将是合理设计具有新颖磁性的材料，铺平道路。该项目采用的理论和实验工具的多样性将为研究生和本科生提供独特的研究培训，使他们能够精通固态化学、材料合成和表征以及技术摘要具有磁矩共线排列的磁体，例如经典铁磁体、亚铁磁体和反铁磁体，长期以来一直是固态化学和化学计算领域的活跃研究和创新领域。现代固态科学提供了强大的工具来探索具有竞争性磁相互作用的材料设计，这些材料可以产生非共线的磁结构，例如螺旋、螺线或斯格明子自旋纹理。该项目旨在开发合理的路径。通过实施磁性相界映射的概念，可以通过一系列结构、磁性和光谱来探测两个共线磁性结构（例如铁磁和反铁磁）之间的相空间。技术以及电子结构计算，以揭示对化学替代和施加的磁场或压力高度敏感的非共线自旋纹理区域。该项目将积极利用先进的大型研究设施。确定磁性结构和详细结构-性能相关性的国家实验室拟议的研究活动将为研究生和本科生提供材料合成、结构和磁性研究、中子散射方法的使用以及电子研究方面的多功能培训。学生将是乐队结构。与中子和 X 射线散射设施的研究人员积极合作，PI 及其研究小组将通过化学硕士到博士过渡项目、组织本科生暑期学校，让代表性不足的群体的学生参与进来。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。