Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Multi-site Fabry-Perot Interferometer Measurements of Thermospheric Neutral Winds and Temperatures in Western South America

合作研究：CEDAR：南美洲西部热层中性风和温度的多站点法布里-珀罗干涉仪测量

• 批准号: 2230440
• 负责人: Carlos Martinis
• 金额: $ 32.67万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2230440&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CEDAR; Multi; site

The complex processes occurring in the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) coupled system have been historically studied using both space-borne and ground-based instrumentation such as the Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI), an instrument capable of measuring thermospheric winds near 250 km. A particularly important region including the geomagnetic equator that has remained largely unsampled with respect to these winds is the area of the Western South America (WSA) extending from 35°S to 5°S. The relationship between the speed and direction of these winds and the plasma dynamics within the WSA caused by the Appleton fountain effect over the geomagnetic equator has remained largely unexplored. The objective of this award is to advance the current understanding of the equatorial thermospheric and ionospheric dynamics within the WSA sector. The deployment of a large-scale meridional chain of FPI instruments combined with the existing all- sky imaging systems would serve as an important and resourceful tool for space weather research. The project will significantly enhance the collaboration between US and international researchers. At the new FPI site, where limited educational and technological resources exist, educational outreach activities will include visiting local schools and engaging students in STEM topics. Undergraduate and graduate students will be involved in this project.The first objective of this project is to improve the current understanding of the IT dynamics in the WSA region extending across the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and the magnetic equator using simultaneous data from three Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) already in operation. The other objective of this project is to combine the FPI data with the all-sky imagers (ASIs) data to support studies of the Midnight Temperature Maximum and Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) and Equatorial Spread-F that affect the dynamics of the IT system. A new FPI instrument will be deployed to a site in Argentina to observe thermospheric winds and temperatures close to the southern EIA crest. This deployment will create a chain of FPIs evenly separated by ~ 7o that would measure wind and temperature parameters in a 2000 km latitude span with four sites. The project will provide long-term regional neutral winds and temperatures in WSA that will help understand how the dynamics of the low latitude region are affected by the presence of a spatially and temporally variable EIA.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在电离层 - 热圈（IT）耦合系统中发生的复杂过程已经使用了太空培养和地面仪器（例如Fabry-Perot干涉仪（FPI）），这是一种能够测量250 km接近250 km的热层风能的仪器。一个特别重要的区域，包括相对于这些风，在很大程度上没有采样的地磁方程是西部南美洲（WSA）的区域（WSA）从35°S延伸到5°S。这些风的速度和方向之间的关系与由Appleton喷泉效应在地磁方程中引起的WSA中的等离子动力学之间的关系仍然很出乎意料。该奖项的目的是提高WSA部门内对模棱两可的热层和电离层动力学的当前理解。大规模的FPI仪器的大规模子午链结合现有的全天空成像系统的部署将是太空天气研究的重要且足智多谋的工具。该项目将显着增强美国与国际研究人员之间的合作。在有限的教育和技术资源的新FPI网站上，教育外展活动将包括访问当地学校和吸引学生参与STEM主题。本科生和研究生将参与该项目。该项目的第一个目的是提高对赤道电离异常（EIA）延伸的WSA区域中IT动态的理解，并使用来自Fabry-Perot干涉仪（FPI）的三个简单数据来扩展到赤道电离异常（EIA）。该项目的另一个目的是将FPI数据与全天空成像器（ASIS）数据相结合，以支持午夜温度最高和中等规模的行进电离层干扰（MSTIDS）和赤道传播F的研究，以影响IT系统的动力学。一种新的FPI仪器将被部署到阿根廷的一个地点，以观察到靠近南EIA Crest的热层风和温度。这种部署将形成一系列FPI均匀分离的FPI链，该链被〜7O隔开，该链将在2000 km的纬度跨度中测量风和温度参数，并带有四个位置。该项目将在WSA中提供长期的区域中性风和温度，这将有助于了解低纬度区域的动态如何受到空间和暂时可变的EIA的存在的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来评估的支持，并被视为珍贵的支持。