Collaborative Research: Characterizing interactions between tropical deep convection and the environment using a buoyancy framework

合作研究：使用浮力框架表征热带深层对流与环境之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 2225955
• 负责人: Angel Adames-Corraliza
• 金额: $ 37.11万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2225955&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Characterizing; interactions; between

Tropical convective storms play a significant role in global weather and climate. With current computing technology, it is impossible to directly model all aspects of convection, so scientists rely on parameterizations, which are approximations that are coded into the models. Simulations of Earth’s climate are particularly sensitive to the parameterizations of tropical convection, so it is incumbent on the scientific community to improve understanding of tropical convection to improve the parameterizations that go into weather and climate modeling. In this project, the research team plans to study how tropical convection interacts with its surrounding environment using a new framework that focuses on the entrainment of air near the Earth's surface into the storm. In addition to the potential to improve numerical modeling, the research team will organize a workshop to bring together the tropical convection research community, including a diverse set of early-career scientists and students.The overarching goal of this project is to continue work towards identifying a conceptual model for tropical deep convection that can be used to explain precipitation variability across scales. The research team will build upon the “precipitation-buoyancy (P-B) framework” which relates precipitation and estimates of entraining plume buoyancy. The research team will center their work around two main research questions: (1) to what extent do “grid-scale” O(100 km) integrated measures of convective instability accurately assess the capacity of the atmosphere to support deep convection, and (2) how can we refine grid-scale average instability measures to account for variability and dynamics across scales? The investigators will use new mesoscale convective tracking databases, cold pool gradient feature detection algorithms, long-standing radar data, field campaign data, and satellite observations, combined with novel compositing techniques to address the following objectives:1. Characterize how the precipitation-buoyancy (“P-B”) relationship varies as a function of convective variability across spatial scales. 2. Examine how P-B thresholds change as a function of mesoscale convective system evolution, estimating the sensitivity of deep convection to its thermodynamic environment throughout different lifecycle stages. 3. Characterize how dynamical interactions - mass flux/entrainment, wind shear, vorticity, cold pools - modify thermodynamic controls on deep convective evolution. 4. Apply the refined P-B framework to study diurnal, regional, and intraseasonal precipitation variability across the tropics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

热带对流风暴在全球天气和气候中起着重要作用。使用当前的计算技术，不可能直接建模对话的所有方面，因此科学家依靠参数，这些参数是编码为模型的近似值。地球气候的模拟对热带转化的参数特别敏感，因此，科学界有责任提高对热带转化的理解，以改善进入天气和气候建模的参数。在这个项目中，研究团队计划使用一个新框架研究热带连接如何与周围环境相互作用，该框架着重于地球表面附近进入风暴的空气入口。除了提高数值建模的潜力外，研究团队还将组织一个研讨会，将热带会议研究社区汇集在一起​​，包括一组潜水员的早期职业科学家和学生。该项目的总体目标是继续致力于确定热带深度对话的概念模型，该模型可以用来解释跨尺度的降水性可变性。研究团队将建立在“降水 - 造成框架（P-B）框架”的基础上，该框架与入口羽流浮力的降水和估计有关。研究团队将围绕两个主要的研究问题集中工作：（1）“网格尺度” O（100 km）对流不稳定性的综合度量准确地评估了大气来支持深层结构的能力，以及（2）我们如何完善网格尺度的平均不稳定性度量，以计算跨量表的变异性和动力学？调查人员将使用新的中尺度对流跟踪数据库，冷池梯度特征检测算法，长期存在的RADIAR数据，现场活动数据和卫星观察结果，并结合了解决以下目标的新型组合技术：1。表征降水 - 育种（“ P-B”）关系如何随空间尺度上的对流变异性而变化。 2。检查P-B阈值如何随中尺度对流系统演化的函数而变化，从而估算了在不同的生命周期阶段深层运输对其热力学环境的敏感性。 3。表征动态相互作用的方式 - 质量通量/夹带，风剪，涡旋，冷池 - 对对流进化的热力学控制进行修改。 4.将精致的P-B框架应用于热带的研究字典，区域和季节内降水量的可变性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估NSF的法定任务。