Collaborative Research: Three decades of foraminiferal assemblages in the Santa Barbara Basin provide a link between present and past

合作研究：圣巴巴拉盆地三十年的有孔虫组合提供了现在和过去之间的联系

• 批准号: 2223074
• 负责人: Catherine Davis
• 金额: $ 35.58万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-15 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2223074&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Three; decades; foraminiferal

Modern day releases of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere are the highest observed over the last 30 million years. This has resulted in major changes in the ocean. This work focuses on using a group of shell-forming organisms, planktic foraminifera. The carbonate shells of foraminifera are found in seafloor sediments. They provide a history of the environment in which they grew. The goal of this project is to use the shells of foraminifera to better understand how quickly and why the abundances of different foraminifera species change in response to climate. A thirty-year record of planktic foraminifera abundances will be created from stored samples collected from the Santa Barbara Basin, California. The results will be connected to modern day oceanographic measurements and the foraminifera found in older seafloor sediments. This will allow a better understanding of how climate change has impacted the ocean environment over very long time periods and allow future predictions. This project will provide hands on research training for students. Classroom activities will be developed that promote quantitative and data visualization skills with a real-world dataset. Foraminifera have species-specific environmental preferences that influence their assemblages in the water column and in marine sediments. Moreover, the geochemistry of foraminiferal shells has become the foundation for widely used paleoceanographic proxies. However, interpretation of the fossil foraminiferal record must be fundamentally grounded in foraminiferal ecology. For example, use of geochemical proxies relies on the assumption of negligible change in seasonality or habitat through time, with violations potentially responsible for key errors in the paleoceanographic record. In addition to assessing rates and drivers of foraminiferal faunal change, this research would fulfill goals including: 1) testing how changing seasonality influences interpretations of foraminiferal-based proxy records, 2) evaluating whether sediment trap faunas are representative of underlying sediment, and 3) integrating 21st century foraminiferal faunal change with the geological record. Assemblages from biweekly sediment traps and near-annually resolved samples from a sediment core will be generated to accomplish these goals. Santa Barbara Basin was chosen because it has an archive of sediment trap material, extensive overlapping observational measurements, a well-preserved fossil record, and experiences climatic oscillations at timescales from seasonal to anthropogenic and longer. Quantitative assemblages will be supported by stable isotope and trace elemental analyses of a subset of shells to test interpretations of geochemical proxy records.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的3000万年中，现代的温室气体二氧化碳释放到大气中。这导致了海洋的重大变化。这项工作重点是使用一组壳体形成生物，即浮游有孔虫。有孔虫的碳酸盐壳在海底沉积物中发现。他们提供了成长环境的历史。该项目的目的是利用有孔虫的壳来更好地了解不同有孔虫物种的丰富性随着气候的响应而变化的速度和为什么变化。从加利福尼亚州的圣塔芭芭拉盆地收集的储存样本中，将创建30年木板有孔虫丰度的记录。结果将与现代海洋学测量以及在较老的海底沉积物中发现的有孔虫相连。这将使人们更好地了解气候变化如何在很长一段时间内影响海洋环境，并允许未来的预测。该项目将为学生提供研究培训。将开发课堂活动，以使用现实世界数据集促进定量和数据可视化技能。有孔虫具有特异性的环境偏好，会影响其在水柱和海洋沉积物中的组合。此外，有孔虫壳的地球化学已成为广泛使用的古文化代理的基础。但是，对化石有孔虫记录的解释必须从根本上基于有孔虫生态学。例如，使用地球化学代理依赖于随着时间的流逝的季节性或栖息地变化可忽略不计的假设，违反了古文学记录中的关键错误。除了评估有孔虫动物动物变化的速度和驱动因素外，这项研究还将实现目标：1）测试季节性变化如何影响基于有孔虫的代理记录的解释，2）评估沉积物陷阱动物群是潜在的沉积物的代表，以及3）将21世纪有限层及其与地质融合在一起。将产生来自二维沉积物陷阱的组装和沉积物芯的近期解决样品，以实现这些目标。之所以选择圣塔芭芭拉盆地，是因为它具有沉积物陷阱材料的档案，广泛的重叠观测测量值，保存完好的化石记录以及从季节性到人类学和更长的时间尺度的气候振荡体验。稳定的同位素和痕量元素分析将支持一部分壳的痕量组合，以测试地球化学代理记录的解释。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来支持的。