ECO-CBET: Modular Electrochemical Processes for Simultaneous Nitrogen Recovery and Carbon Dioxide Mitigation

ECO-CBET：同时进行氮气回收和二氧化碳减排的模块化电化学过程

• 批准号: 2219089
• 负责人: Mohan Qin
• 金额: $ 168.79万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2219089&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ECO; CBET; Modular; Electrochemical; Processes

Livestock farming is an essential branch of agriculture that provides protein-rich food products to humans. However, ruminant animal systems produce substantial amounts of greenhouse gas emissions and can have deleterious environmental impacts. Such livestock systems are increasingly under pressure to become more environmentally sustainable. Many of the environmental issues stem from the release of livestock manure constituents, including nutrients, pathogens, and organic matter, into the environment. These releases contaminate surface and ground waters, increase the risk of climate change, cause nuisance odors, and, ultimately, pose a threat to human and animal health. In addition, manure’s high water content and low nutrient density increase the transportation cost to farmlands and limit its effective use. Recovering nutrients from manure can improve nutrient management and minimize the possibility of negative environmental impacts. Climate impacts could be further mitigated by converting the carbon dioxide in the biogas generated from manure processing into fuels and other useful products. This project, a collaboration between investigators at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, seeks to overcome the challenges facing manure processing systems through the development of novel modular electrochemical processes. The proposed system will integrate electrochemical processes to simultaneously recover ammonia from livestock manure as fertilizer and convert carbon dioxide to locally-valuable chemicals. The knowledge generated from this research will address the growing need for sustainable and effective livestock manure management. The team will engage K-12, undergraduate, and graduate students in STEM outreach and research experiences. Students identifying as a member of an underrepresented group in STEM will be recruited and mentored through partnerships with on-campus organizations. Benefits to society will also be achieved through outreach and education activities for farmers, policymakers, agriculture educators, and the general public.Livestock manure can lose nutrients, pathogens, and organic matter to the environment, degrading both surface and ground water quality, contributing to climate change, and creating human and animal health issues. Processing manure to recover embedded nutrients can mitigate these impacts by increasing nutrient density, making a more manageable fertilizer that can be economically transported to remote locations. The overall goal of this ECO-CBET project is to develop modular electrochemical processes to tackle carbon, nutrient, and water challenges in livestock manure systems by recovering ammonia as fertilizers with increased nutrient density and producing valuable chemicals from carbon dioxide for on-site application. These electrochemical processes are uniquely enabled by redox reservoirs, which reversibly store electrons and specific ions while serving as interchangeable counter electrodes for flexible integration with complementary electrochemical half-reactions. The ammonium-rich manure wastewater can be fed into a galvanic cell with a bioelectrochemical anode and a redox reservoir cathode that selectively extracts ammonium cations from the milieu. The redox reservoir is introduced into an electrolytic cell, where it serves as an anode, releasing ammonium, and is paired with a carbon dioxide-reducing cathode for co-generation of useful products, including formic acid, a supplemental animal feed preservative, and methane, a renewable feedstock that can be injected into natural gas pipelines. The specific objectives are: 1) develop the pretreatment of livestock manure, synthesize and characterize new redox reservoir materials, and demonstrate the feasibility of redox reservoir-enabled selective ammonia recovery from manure; 2) integrate ammonia recovery with carbon dioxide conversion to value-added products in modular systems; and 3) perform techno-economic and life cycle analyses of individual and combined modular systems. The success of this project will introduce transformative concepts for more efficient nutrient and carbon resource recovery from manure, generate new insights for distributed and sustainable chemical manufacturing, train the next generation of interdisciplinary scientists and engineers, and provide exciting STEM outreach and education opportunities at the intersection of the farmers, policymakers, agriculture educators, and the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

牲畜养殖是一个可愉快的基本分支，可为人类提供富含蛋白质的食品。但是，反刍动物系统会产生大量的温室气体排放，并可能产生微妙的环境影响。这样的牲畜系统越来越受到更加环境可持续性的压力。许多环境问题源于牲畜制造的构成，包括营养素，病原体和有机物进入环境。这些释放污染了地面和地下水，增加了气候变化的风险，引起滋扰气味，并最终对人类和动物的健康构成威胁。此外，手动的高水量和低营养密度增加了对农田的运输成本，并限制了其有效使用。从手动中恢复营养可以改善营养管理，并最大程度地减少环境影响的可能性。通过将手动加工产生的二氧化碳转化为燃料和其他有用产品，可以进一步缓解气候影响。该项目是威斯康星大学 - 麦迪逊分校和马萨诸塞州理工学院的调查人员之间的合作，试图通过开发新型的模块化电化学过程来克服手动处理系统面临的挑战。所提出的系统将整合电化学过程，以简单地从牲畜手册中回收氨，并将二氧化碳转换为可当地可估量的化学物质。这项研究产生的知识将解决对可持续和有效牲畜手册管理的日益增长的需求。该团队将与K-12，本科生和研究生一起参与STEM宣传和研究经验。学生将通过与校园内组织的合作伙伴关系来招募和考虑STEM中代表性不足小组的成员。还将通过针对农民，决策者，商定教育和公共公众的外展和教育活动来实现对社会的利益。植物手册可能会将营养，病原体和有机物损失到环境中，从而降低地面和地下水质量，从而有助于气候变化，并造成人类和动物健康问题。处理手册以恢复嵌入式营养素可以通过增加养分密度来减轻这些影响，从而使更易于管理的肥料可以经济地运输到偏远地区。这个生态CBET项目的总体目标是开发模块化电化学工艺，以解决牲畜手动系统中的碳，养分和水挑战，通过恢复氨水，因为氨水作为养分量增加并从二氧化碳二氧化碳中生产有价值的化学物质以进行现场应用。这些电化学工艺由氧化还原储层独特地启用，氧化还原储层可逆地存储电子和特定的离子，同时用作可互换的反电极，以柔性整合具有完整的电化学半反应。富含铵的手动废水可以用生物电化学阳极和氧化还原储层阴极喂入电池中，从而有选择地从环境中提取铵阳离子。将氧化还原储层引入到电解细胞中，在该电池中用作阳极，释放铵，并与二氧化碳还原性阴极配对，用于共同生成有用的产品，包括形式酸，包括补充动物饲料保留剂和甲烷，甲烷，可将天然气管载量注入天然气管道的可重新载体。具体目标是：1）开发牲畜手册的预处理，合成和表征新的氧化还原储层材料，并证明从手册中恢复了氧化还原储层的可行性； 2）将氨回收与二氧化碳转化率相结合到模块化系统中的增值产品； 3）对单个模块化系统进行技术经济和生命周期分析。该项目的成功将引入变革性概念，以从手册中获得更有效的养分和碳资源回收，为分布式和可持续的化学制造生成新的见解，培训下一代跨学科科学家和工程师的下一代，并在农民，政策制定者，《法规》宣告率奖励的情况下，在跨学科的科学家和工程师中提供令人兴奋的STEM外展和教育机会。通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评论标准进行评估。

项目成果

Ammonia recovery from organic nitrogen in synthetic dairy manure with a microbial fuel cell

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138388
• 发表时间: 2023-03-20
• 期刊: CHEMOSPHERE
• 影响因子: 8.8
• 作者: Burns, McKenzie;Qin, Mohan
• 通讯作者: Qin, Mohan